ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

 

manuscript for the publisher. Special thanks, too, are owed to Betsy Cenedella of William Morrow for her excellent round-the-clock copyreading and correction. Finally, to Karen Tof-fler, who helped format the conceptual entries in the index and committed them to the computer/word processor during the long, late hours of the night.
Needless to say, I alone remain responsible for any errors that may have crept into these pages, despite our best efforts to avoid them.

NOTES
Bracketed [ ] numbers indicate items listed in the accompanying Bibliography. Thus, in the Notes [1] will stand for the first item in the Bibliography: Boucher, Frangois. 20,000 Years of Fashion.
PAGE CHAPTER ONE
9 On the origins of agriculture see Cipolla, [103], p. 18.

• For various terms used to describe the emerging society

see Brzezinski, [200], and Bell, [198]. Bell traces the term “post- industrial” back to its use by an English writer named Arthur J. Penty in 1917. For Marxist terminology see [211].

• I wrote of “super-industrial civilization” in [502] and [150].

13 Tribes without agriculture are described in, among other
sources, Niedergang, [95]; also Cottow, [74].
22
22 22 22
22
446
CHAPTER TWO
For sea trade see [504], p. 3. Geoffrey Blarney’s perceptive book analyzes the effects of isolation and great continental distances on the development of Australia.
Greek factories are noted briefly in [237], p. 40. On early oil drilling see [155], p. 30.Ancient bureaucracies are described in [17], Vol. 1, p. 34.
The Alexandrian steam engine is mentioned in a chapter by Ralph Linton in [494], p. 435; also, Lilley, [453], pp. 35-36.
NOTES 447

• On pre-industrial civilization, see [171], p.

 

• On Japan’s Meiji Era: [262], p.

25 Estimates of Europe’s horse and oxen population are in
[244], p. 257.

• Newcomen’s steam engine is described in Lilley, [453],

 

• 94, and Cardwell, [433], p. 69.

 

• Vitruvius is quoted in [171], p.

 

• Precision instruments: [438], Preface and 26 The role of machine tools is discussed in [237], p. 41. 27 Early trade is colorfully pictured in [259], pp. 64-71.
• Advances in mass distribution are described in [29],

 

• For the rise of the A&P chain, see pp. 159 and 162.

 

• On early multigenerational households see [191], l.p.64.
• The immobility of the agricultural family is described in

[508], p. 196.

• Andrew Ure is quoted in [266], pp. 359-360.

29 Nineteenth-century schooling in the U.S. is discussed in
[528], pp. 450-451. 29 The increasing length of the school year is from Histor*
ical Statistics of the United States, p. 207. 29 For compulsory schooling see [528], p. 451.

• The mechanics’ declaration is quoted in [492], 391. 30 Dewing is from [14], p. 15.
• The number of U.S. corporations before 1800 is cited in

[101], p. 657.
30 The immortality of corporations was established by
Chief Justice John Marshall in Dartmouth College v. Woodward, 4 Wheat. 518, 4 L.Ed. 629 (1819).
30 Socialist corporations are the subject of a paper by Leon Smolinski in Survey (London), Winter 1974.30 In the socialist industrial nations of Eastern Europe,
as in the Soviet Union, the dominant form is the so-called “production enterprise”—more accurately described as the “socialist corporation.” The produc-‘ tion enterprise is typically owned by the state rather than by private investors, and it is subject to direct political controls in the framework of a planned economy. But, like the capitalist corporation, its prime functions are to concentrate capital and organize mass production. Moreover, like its capitalist counterparts, it shapes the lives of its employees; it exerts informal but powerful political influence; it creates a new managerial elite; it relies on bureaucratic administrative methods; it rationalizes production. Its position in the social order was—and is—no less central.
32 The evolution of the orchestra is described in Sachs, [7], p. 389, and in Mueller, [6].448 THE THIRD WAVE
33 Postal history is the subject of Zilliacus’s book, [56];
seep. 21. 33 Edward Everett’s paean to the Post Office is in [385], p. 257.33 The world avalanche of mail is described in [41], p. 34. See also the UNESCO Statistical Yearbook for 1965, p. 482. 34 On the telephone and telegraph, see Singer, [54], pp.18-19. Also, Walker, [268], p. 261. 34 Telephone statistics are from[39], p. 802.
Servan-Schreiber is quoted from [52], p. 45. 36 An account of Utopian socialism is found in [476],
Chapter 8. CHAPTER THREE38 The role of the market is discussed in Polanyi’s seminal
work, [115], p. 49. 38 The Tlatelolco marketplace is vividly pictured hi [246],

• 133. 38 The pepper merchant’s comments are found in [259], pp. 64-71.
• Braudel is from his magnificent work [245], Vol. 1,

247, 425.

• On the fusion of production and consumption, see [265], p.

39 The social and political role of the consumer is bril-
liantly explored in Horace M. Kallen’s forgotten work, [61], p. 23. 42 I am indebted to my friend Bertrand de Jouvenel for theobservation that the same person is pulled in opposite psychologicaldirections by the roles of worker and consumer.
44 On objectivity-subjectivity: the idea was first suggested to me by a reading of Zaretsky [196].CHAPTER FOUR
47 Theodore Vail’s story is in [50]. Vail was a formidable
figure whose career tells much about early industrial development.47 Frederick Winslow Taylor’s influence is described in Friedmann, [79], and Dickson, [525]. Also, the Taylor Collection,Stevens Institute of Technology. Lenin’s view of Taylorism is from [79], p. 271.

• Standardized intelligence testing is described in [527], 226-227.

NOTES 449

• On the repression of minority languages, see Thomas,

[290], p. 31. Also “Challenge to the Nation-State,” Time (European edition), October 27,1975.
48 The French Revolution’s actions with respect to the met-
ric system and a new calendar are described hi Moraze, [260], pp. 97- 98; and Klein, [449], p. 117.
48 Privately minted money and the standardization of cur- rency are from [144], pp. 10, 33.

• On one-price policy see [29],

 

• The Advantages of the East India Trade is cited in [138], Vol. I, p.
• Adam Smith’s well-known observations about the phi

maker are in [149], pp. 3-7.
Smith attributed the startling increase hi productivity to the increased dexterity developed by the worker who specialized, to the time saved by not switching from task to task, and to the improvements that the specialized worker could make in his or her tools. But Smith clearly recognized what lay at the heart of things: the market. Without a market to connect producer to consumer, who would need or want 48,000 pins a day? And, Smith continued, the bigger the marketplace the more specialization could be expected.
Smith was right.

• Henry Ford’s cool calculations are from his autobiogra- phy [442], pp. 108-109.
• The number of occupations is from the Dictionary of

Occupational Titles published by the U.S. Department of Labor, 1977. 50 Lenin: from Christman, [474], p. 137.

• The synchronizing role of work songs is from [8], 18.
• P. Thompson’s quote is from “Time, Work-Disci-

pline, and Industrial Capitalism,” Past and Present (London), No. 38. 53 Stan Cohen made this observation in a review of David

• Rothman’s book The Discovery of the Asylum, in New Society (London), February 7, 1974.

54 European auto production figures are from [126], p. 3917.54 Concentration of the aluminum, cigarette, and breakfast
food industries is from Standard & Poor’s Industry Surveys, 1978, 1979. Concentration in the beer industry is from “New Survival Plan for Olympia Beer,” The New York Times, May 15, 1979.
54 German industrial concentration is documented in [126], p. 3972.450 THE THIRD WAVE
54 The concentrative process in industry produced its mir-j
ror image in the labor movement. As unions in many | countries faced larger and larger monopolies and trusts they, too, consolidated. After
the turn of the century the Industrial Workers of the World—the so- called Wobblier—expressed the concentrative drive in a campaign for what they called “O.B.U.”—One Big Union.
54 For concentration as seen by Marxists, see Leon M.
Herman, “The Cult of Bigness in Soviet Economic Planning,” [126], p. 4349 -K
This paper includes a well-known quotation from the American socialist Daniel De Leon who, at the close of the last century, argued that “the ladder by which humanity has risen to civilization is the progression hi the methods of production, the growing power of the productive instruments. The trust occupies the very top of this ladder. The social storm of our times rages precisely around the trust. The capitalist class is trying to retain it for its own exclusive use. The middle class is trying to break it up, thereby delaying the course of civilization. Theproletariat will set for itself the goal to preserve it, improve it, i and make it accessible to everyone.”

• The Lelyukhina article is reprinted in [126], p, 4362+.
• The Matsushita song is quoted from “The Japanese Dilemma” by Willard Barber, Survey (London), Autumn
• AT&Ts employee figures are from [39], p. 702. French work force

statistics are hi [126], p. 3958.
On Soviet concentration and Stalin’s “gigantomania,* see [126], pp. 4346-4352.
As this is written, the Soviets are racing to compl< the world’s biggest track-manufacturing installation, which will require a whole new city of 160,000 with a complex of plants and conveyors extending over forty j square miles, an area nearly twice the size of Manhat- ( tan island. The truck complex is described hi Hedrick i Smith’s vivid report, [484], pp. 58, 59, 106, and 220. Smith says the Soviets “have a Texan’s love for exag« j gerated bigness that outdoes the American love of j bigness, much as the Soviet national economic growth’] ethic has surpassed the now-shaken American faith in the automatic blessings of economic growth.”

• With respect to the pursuit of GNP, an amusing fantasy

suggests that women undertake to do each other1! housework and pay each other for it. If every Susie Smith paid every Barbara Brown one hundred dollars
NOTES 451
a week for caring for her home and children, while receiving an equivalent amount for providing the same services in return, the impact on the Gross National Product would be astounding. If 50 million American housewives engaged in this nonsense transaction it would add about 10 percent to the U.S. GNP overnight.

• Capitalization of American plants hi 1850 and railroads’

management innovations are from Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. and Stephen Salisbury, “Innovations in Business Administration,” in [454], pp. 130, 138-141.

• On the case for a strong central government see [389], 20.
• In his book The Imperial Presidency [398], Schlesinger

says, “It must be said that historians and political scientists, this writer among them, contributed to the rise of the presidential mystique.”
58 Governments’ response to political protest is in [482], pp. 189-190.

• Marx is quoted from Christman, [474], p. 359; Engels,

 

• 324.

 

• The rise of central banking in Britain, France, and Ger- many is chronicled by Galbraith hi [127], 31-35 and 39-41. 59 Hamilton’s struggle to create a national bank is recount- ed in [254], p. 187.

CHAPTER FIVE
63 Blumenthal is quoted in Korda [22], p. 46.
63 The rise of the integrational elite in the socialist nations
is the subject of a vast literature. For Lenin’s views see [480], pp. 102- 105; Trotsky is from [475], p. 30, and [487], pp. 138, 249; Djilas was jailed for his The New Class, [332]; Tito’s own complaint about technocracy is in “Social Stratification and Sociology in the Soviet Union” by Seymour Martin Lipset and Richard B. Dobson, in Survey (London), Summer 1973.
Since James Burnham’s pathbreaking book, The Managerial Revolution [330], appeared in 1941, a whole literature has sprung up describing the climb to ‘ power of this new elite of integrators. See Power Without Property by A. A. Berle, Jr. In The New Industrial State, John Kenneth Galbraith further elaborated the idea, coining the term “technostructure” to describe the new elite.
452
THE THIRD WAVE CHAPTER SIX71 For Newton’s synthesis, see [433], p. 48.
71 De La Mettrie is quoted from Man a Machine, [30 p. 93.71 Adam Smith on the economy as a system is from
crating Rules for Planet Earth” by Sam Love, in vironmental Action, November 24, 1973; Smith’s quote is from his posthumously published [148], p. 60.
71 Madison is quoted from [388].
71 For Jefferson see [392], p. 161.
71 Lord Cromer is cited in [96], p. 44.
71 On Lenin, see [480], p. 163. Trotsky is quoted [486], pp. 5,14.

• Bihari’s remark is from his book [347], 102-103. For V. G. Afanasyev see [344], pp. 186-187.

 

• The number of elected public officials is given in [33 167.

CHAPTER SEVEN

• The Abaco take-over attempt is described in

Amazing New-Country Caper” by Andrew St.< in Esquire, February 1975.

• Finer is from “The Fetish of Frontiers,” in New Socit (London), September 4,
• On patchwork of small communities in empires, Braudel, [245], Vol. 2, Chapter IV. Also Bottomo [490], p.

Voltaire’s complaint is cited in Moraze, [260], p. 95. On Germany’s 350 mini-states: [285], p. 13.

• Various definitions of the nation-state are from [27 19 and 23. Ortega: [341], p. 171.
• For the dates of the early railroads see [55], p.

83 Moraze: [260], p. 154.

• For Mazlish see [454], 29. CHAPTER EIGHT

85 Foodstuffs from abroad: [119], p. 11.

• Chamberlain and Ferry are quoted in Birnie, [100], 242-243.
• On Dervishes and other victims of the machine gun John Ellis’s first-rate monograph, [436].

NOTES
453
95
95
95 95
Re Ricardo on specialization [77], Introduction, pp. xii-xiiL The value of world trade is from [119], p. 7.The margarine story is told by Magnus Pyke in [461], PP.7-K
On the enslavement of the Amazonian Indians see Cot-low, [74], pp. 5-

• The subject is treated in greater detail in Bodard, [70], Woodruff is quoted from [119], p. 5.

On European political control: [497], p. 6.
World trade between 1913 and 1950 is described in [109], pp. 222-223.
Creation of the IMF: [109], p. 240.
For U.S. gold holdings and World Bank loans to less developed countries, see [87], pp. 63, 91.
On Lenin’s views, see [89]; also Cohen, [73], pp. 36, 45-47. The Lenin arguments and the Senin quote are from [146], pp. 22-23.
The political struggle in China today can be seen as a conflict over whether it, too, should make or buy. One side, loosely called the radicals, favors self-sufficiency and internal development; the other favors wide trade with the outside world. The notion of self-sufficiency will attract greater attention among non-industrial nations as they increasingly come to recognize the hidden costs of entering into an integrated world economy constructed to serve the needs of the Second Wave nations.
On Soviet purchases of Guinean bauxite see “Success Breeds Success,” in The Economist, December 2, 1978; Soviet purchases from India, Iran, and Afghanistan are detailed hi “How Russia Cons the Third World,” in To the Point (Sandton, Transvaal, South Afriqa), February 23, 1979. This South African news-weekly, despite its evident bias, provides heavy coverage of the Third World, especially Africa.
For Soviet imperialism, see also Edward Crankshaw in [80], p. 713. Sherman is quoted from [147], pp. 316-317.For a report on COMECON, see “COMECON Blues” by Nora Beloff, in Foreign Policy, Summer 1978.
CHAPTER NINE
On our “dominion” over nature, see Clarence J. Glacken, “Man Against Nature: An OutmodedConcept,” in [162], pp. 128-129. For Darwin and for early theories of evolution, see Hy-
454 THE THIRD WAVE
man, [306], pp. 26-27, 56. On social Darwinism: pp.j
432-433. Views on progress of Liebniz, Turgot, et al. are exam-1 ined by Charles Van Doren in [184], General Intro-Jduction. Heilbroner is quoted from [234], p. 33.

• Time measurement units are described in “Time, Work- (*

Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism,” by E. P.» Thompson in Past and Present, Number 38. See also Cardwell, [433], p. 13.

• The adoption of Greenwich Mean Time is described in [519], p.

104 Buddhist and Hindu views of time are examined in [509], p. 248.

• For Needham on cyclical time in the East see [515], p. I

 

• Whitrow from [520], p. 18.

 

• The use of space by pre-Fifst Wave civilization is described by Morrill in [514], pp. 23-24.
• On peasant hut location, see “The Shaping of England’s

Landscape” by John Patten, in Observer Magazine (London), April 21, 1974. Hale is quoted from [252], p. 32,

• The differing lengths of a rood are from [449], I 65-66.
• For navigation prizes, refer to Coleman, [506], pp, f

103-104.
107 On the metric system: [449], pp. 116, 123-125.

• Clay’s observations are from [505], pp. 46-47.

 

• The S-curve patterns are described by John Patten in I Observer Magazine, cited
• On people seen as part of nature, see Clarence J. I

Glacken in [162], p. 128.

• For Democritus’ atomism see Munitz, [310], p. 6; Asi- 1

mov, [427], Vol. 3, pp. 3-4; and Russell, [312], pp. 64-65. 109 Mo Ching and Indian atomism are from Needham, 1 [455], pp. 154-155.

• For atomism as a minority view: [312], pp. 72-73. 110 Descartes:

[303], p. 19.
110 Dubos is quoted from [159], p. 331.
112 On Aristotle see Russell, [312], p. 169.
112 The yin and yang: Needham, [456], pp. 273-274.

• Newton is quoted from his “Fundamental Principles of ;] Natural Philosophy” in [310], p.
• Laplace is from Gellner, [305], p. 207. 113 Holbach is quoted in

Matson [309], p. 13.
NOTES 455 CHAPTER TEN

• On the industrial revolution .in Europe see Williams,

[118]; Polanyi, [115]; and Lilley, [453].

• The place of accounts in a process of social develop- ment is described by D. R. Scott in [145].
• For First and Second Wave smells: [420], 125- 131.
• Old manners are in Norbert Elias’s remarkable The Civ-

ilizing Process, [250], pp. 120, 164.

• First Wave communities as social “cesspools’* are described in Hartwell, [107], and Hayek, [108].

119 Vaizey is from “Is This New Technology Irresistible?”
in the Times Educational Supplement (London), January 5,1973. 120 The Lamer review appeared in New Society (London), January 1, 1976.124 American Management Association survey summarized in [33], pp. 1-2.CHAPTER ELEVEN
128 For educational test scores, see “Making the Grades
More Schools Demand A Test of Competency for Graduating Pupils,” The Wall Street Journal, May 9, 1978.
128 On remarriage rates: Social Indicators 1976, U.S. De- partment of Commerce report, p. 53.128 Counterfeminists are described in “Anti-ERA Evangelist Wins Again,” Time, July 3, 1978.128 Conflict between homosexuals and Anita Bryant is re- ported in “How Gay Is Gay?,” Time, April 23,1979.CHAPTER TWELVE

• Rathbone’s decision on oil prices, and the formation of OPEC are described in [168], Chapter
• Nuclear plants at Seabrook and Grohnde: [163], 7, 88.
• Two thirds of the world’s energy supply from oil and gas, based on [160], p.
• On shrinking oil reserves, see “The Oil Crisis is Real

This Time,” Business Week, July 30, 1979.
133 Coal gasification and liquefaction plants are critically described in Commoner, [157], pp. 67-68. See also456
134 134
134 135
THE TH/f?D WAVE
Business 135 135135 135 135
136 136
136 139
140 140
“A Desperate Search for Synthetic Fuels,” Week, July 30, 1979. Government subsidies for atomic power are described In [157], p. 65.On terrorism and other dangers involving plutonium, see Thomas Cochran, Gus Speth, and Arthur Tain-plin, “Plutonium: An Invitation to Disaster,” in [166], p. 102; also Commoner, [157], p. 96.
Carr is from [153], p. 7.
Texas Instruments* work on photovoltaic cells is described hi “Energy: Fuels of the Future,” Time, June 11, 1979. Role of Solarex is hi ‘The New Business of Harnessing Sunbeams” by Edmund Fal-termayer, in Fortune, February 1976. See also Energy Conversion Devices hi “A New Promise of Cheap Solar Energy,” Business Week, July 18, 1977.
On Soviets hi the tropopause: [153], p. 123.
Geothermal power developments are described in “The Coming Energy Transition” by Denis Hayes, in The Futurist, October 1977.
Wave power hi Japan is from “Waking Up to Wave Power,” Time, October 16, 1978.
Southern California Edison’s power tower: “Energy: Fuels of the Future,” Time, June 11, 1979.
Hydrogen power developments are summarized in “Can Hydrogen Solve Our Energy Crisis?” by Roger Beardwood, in the Telegraph Sunday Magazine (London), July 29, 1979.
“Redox” is described in “Washington Report,” Product Engineering, May 1979.
On superconductivity see “Scientists Create a Solid Form of Hydrogen,” The New York Times, March 2, 1979.
For a brief discussion of the implications of Tesla waves see Omni interview with Alvin Toffler, November 1978.
On the transition from Second Wave to Third Wave industries see ‘The Cross of Lorraine,” Forbes, April 16, 1979. Britain’s nationalized coal, rail, and steel in- j dustries are discussed in “The Grim Failure of Britain’s Nationalized Industries” by Robert Ball, in Fortune, December 1975. Strukturpolitik is from “How Schmidt Is Using His Economic Leverage,” Business Week, July 24, 1978.
Rolls-Royce ad was placed by CW Communications, Newton, Mass., in Advertising and Publishing News, September 1979.
The scope of the home computer business hi the spring of 1979 can be judged by Micro Shopper: The Mi-
NOTES 457crocomputer Guide, published by MicroAge Wholesale, Tempe, Ariz. See also “Plugging in Everyman,” Time, September 5,1977.141 Fiber optics in the communications industry are described in “Lightbeams in Glass—Slow Explosion Under theCommunications Industry” by Robin Lan-ier, in CommunicationsTomorrow, November 1976. Fiber optics in the telephone business and the comparison with copper are from an interview with Donald K. Conover, General Manager, Corporate Education, Western Electric Co., Hopewell, NJ.

• Science is quoted from its issue of March 18,

 

• On space shuttle program: “The Shuttle Opens the

Space Frontier to U.S. Industry,” Business Week, August 22, 1977. 142 Urokinase information supplied by Abbott Laboratories,North Chicago, 111.; Von Puttkamer is quoted in “The Industrialization of Space,” Futurics, Fall 1977.

• TRW’s identification of alloys is described in “Industry’s

New Frontier in Space” by Gene Bylirisky, in Fortune, January 29,1979.

• For Brian O’Leary’s studies and the Princeton confer-

ences, see G. K. O’Neill, Newsletter on Space Studies June 12, 1977. 143 On protein from the sea, the threatened extinction ofmarine life, and aquaculture: “The Oceans: World Breadbasket or Breakdown?” by Robert M. Girling, in Friends Magazine, February 1977.

• Raymond is quoted hi John Craven, “Tropical

Oceania: The Newest World,” Problems of Journalism: Proceedings of the 1977 Convention of the American Society of Newspaper Editors, 1977, p. 364. 144 Minerals in the sea: “Oceanic Mineral Resources” by
John L. Mero, hi Futures, December 1968. See also “The Sea-Bed” by

• N. Ganapati, hi Seminar (New Delhi), May 1971; and “The Oceans: Wild West Scramble for Control,” Time, July 29, 1974; and “Seabed Mining Consortia Hope to Raise the Political Anchor,” The Financial Times (London), August 7, 1979.

 

• Drugs from the sea are described in a brochure from

the Roche Research Institute of Marine Pharmacology, Dee Why, N.S.W., Australia.

• For ocean platform technology see “Floating Cities,” in Marine Policy, July

145 D. M. Leipziger speaks of “homesteaders” and the
“common heritage” argument in “Mining the Deep Seabed,” Challenge, March-April 1977.
147 On genetics: Howard and Rifkin, [446]; also “Industry ‘458 THE THIRD WAVE
Starts To Do Biology With Its Eyes Open,” The Economist (London), December 2, 1978.
147 National policies for control of genetic research are out-
lined in Draft Information Document on Recom-binant DNA, May 1978, Scientific and Technical Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly.
147 Cetus’ president is quoted from [446], p. 190.
147 Official Soviet policy is from Socialism: Theory and
Practice, a Soviet monthly digest of the theoretical and political press, January 1976.

• The report to the National Science Foundation, Lawless, [452].
• On Luddite revolts against machines, see [453], p. 111. 152 The

antinuclear campaigns are described in “Crusading
Against the Atom,” Time, April 25, 1977, and “Nuclear Power: The Crisis in Europe and Japan,” Business Week, December 25, 1978.
152 Appropriate technology is reviewed in [425]; see also Harper and Boyle, [444].152 An example of the new interest hi the airship is the bro-
chure of Aerospace Developments, London; also “Lighter-Than-Air Transport: Is the Revival for Real?” by James Wargo, in New Engineer, December 1975.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN
158 Newspaper circulation figures from American Newspa- per Publishers Association.

• On percentage of Americans who read newspapers see

1972 and 1977 General Social Surveys, by the National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago. Newspaper circulation losses are reported in “Newspapers Challenged as Never Before,” Los Angeles Times, November 26, 1976; see also *Time Inc. Buys Washington Star; It Will Pay Allbritton $20 Million,” The New York Times, February 4, 1978. For Britain’s experience with newspapers see “Newspaper Sales” by Tom Forester, hi New Society (London), October 16, 1975.

• Decline in mass magazine circulations detailed hi Thi Gallagher Report Supplement to its issue of August 22,

 

• On the proliferation of regional and special-interest magazines, see Folio magazine, December
• Richard Reeves is quoted from “And Now a Word from

God …” Washington Star, June 2, 1979. NOTES459

• Teen-age radio habits are covered in Radio Facts, pub- lished by Radio Advertising Bureau, New
• CB radio: “Citizens Band: Fad or Fixture” by Leonard

 

• Cedar in Financial World, June 1, 1976. Actual number of CBs in use in 1977, from Radio Research Report, published by the Radio Advertising Bureau, New York. Denial that CB has cut into radio listener ship is in press release dated June 20, 1977, from CBS Radio Network. See also Marsteller survey reported in Broadcasting, August 15, 1977.

 

• Time: “The Year That Rain Fell Up,” in its issue of January 9,
• NBC: “Webs Nailed for ‘Stupidity’; Share Seen Dipping

50%” by Peter Warner, in The Hollywood Reporter* August 15, 1979. 162 On the expansion of cable TV, see “Cable TV: TheLure of Diversity,” Time, May 7, 1979; see also Media Decisions, January 1978.
164 Satellite distribution of programming is described in
“New Flexibility in Programming Envisioned Resulting Jrom Upsurge in Satellite Distribution” by John P. Taylor, in Television /Radio Age, February 27, 1978.
164 John O’Connor is quoted from his “TV on the Eve of Drastic Change,” The New York Times, November 13, 1977. CHAPTER FOURTEEN

• Stages of computer development outlined in an inter- view with Harvey Poppel, March 27,
• Expenditures for distributed processing are from Inter-

national Data Corporation, Stamford, Conn. 169 On rise of personal computers, note ‘The Electronic
Home: Computers Come Home” by Lee Edson, hi
The New York Times Magazine, September 30, 1979. 169 Cost of home computers: “TI Gets Set to Move Into
Home Computers,” Business Week, March 19, 1979. 169 ‘The Source” is described in materials supplied byTelecomputing Corporation of America, McLean, Va.; also interview with Marshall Graham, vice-president, marketing, October 12, 1979.

• “Fred the House” appeared in the Micro Shopper, pub-

lished by MicroAge, Tempe, Ariz., Spring 1979. 172 For the “Laws of Robotics,’8 see Isaac Assimov’s classic
[426].
Speech recognition technology is discussed in “Computers Can Talk to You,” The New York Times9 Au-
460 THE THIRD WAVE
gust 2, 1978. For companies working on voice data entry see Random- Access Monthly, May 1979, a publication of Dean Witter Reynolds Inc.,New York. Forecasts about talking computers are evaluated in “Speech Is Another Microelectronics Conquest,” Sd-ence, February 16, 1979. 174 “Weave problems” are described in [462], p. 113.
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
181 For figures on the decline of the manufacturing sector
in high-technology nations see the International Labor Organization’s ‘Yearbook of Labour Statistics, 1961, 1965, 1966, 1975.

• On manufacturing being farmed out to developing

countries, read “Vast Global Changes Challenge Private-Sector Vision” by Frank Vogl, in Financier, April 1978; also John E. Ullman, “Tides and Shallows,” in [12], p. 289.

• De-massified production is described in Jacobs, [448], 2$9. Also: “Programmable Automation: The Bright Future of

Automation” by Robert H. Anderson, in Datamation, December 1972;and A. E. Kobrinsky and N. E. Kobrinsky, “A Story of Production hi the Year 2000,” hi Fedchenko, [205], p. 64.
182 For high-volume goods as percentage of all manufac-
tured goods see “Computer-controlled Assembly” by James L. Nevins and Daniel E. Whitney, in Scientific American, February 1978.
182 Short run of one-of-a-kind production is described in
“When Will Czechoslovakia Become an Underdeveloped Country” reprinted from the Palach Press, London, hi Critique (Glasgow), a Journal of Soviet Studies and Socialist Theory, Winter 1976-77, Also, “New Programmable Control Anns at Smaller Tasks,” American Machinist, September 1976; “The Computer Digs Deeper Into Manufacturing,” Business Week, February 23, 1976; and “In the Amsterdam Plant, The Human Touch” by Ed Grimm, in Think, August 1973.

• Short-run production in Europe is covered in “Inescapa-

ble Problems of the Electronic Revolution,” The Financial Times (London), May 13, 1976; and “Aker Outlook,” Northern Offshore (Oslo), November 1976.

• Pentagon production runs are analyzed in Robert

Anderson and Nake M. Kamrany, Advanced Computer-Based Manufacturing Systems for Defense Needs, published by the Information Sciences Insti-
NOTES 461tute, University of Southern California, September 1973.
183 Japanese car production methods described in correspon-
dence from Jiro Tokuyama, Nomura Research Institute of Technology & Economics, Tokyo, June 14, 1974.
183 Anderson quote is from an interview with author.
185 Canon AE-1 camera: see Report of First Quarter and Stockholders Meeting, Texas Instruments, 1977.187 On the number of information transactions and the rise
in office costs see Randy J. Goldfield. “The Office of Tomorrow Is Here Today!” Special Advertising Section, Time, November 13,1978.

• Employment effects of office automation are discussed in

“Computer Shock: The Inhuman Office of the Future” by Jon Stewart, in Saturday Review, June 23, 1972*

• Micronet’s paperless office is described in “Firms Spon-

sor Paperless Office,” The Office, June 1979; and in “Paperless Office Plans Debut,*’ Information World, April 1979.
190 Alternatives to the postal system are discussed in “An-
other Postal Hike, and Then—,” U.S. News & World Report, May 29, 1978.
190 The growth of the pre-electronic postal system finally
peaked in the mid-1970s. UJS. News & World Report on December 29, 1975, noted: “The volume of mail handled by the Postal Servicedeclined in the last fiscal year for the first time in history. The decline—about 830,000,000 pieces of mail last year—is expected to continue and possibly accelerate.” The paper-based Post Office—that prototypical Second Wave institution—had finally reached its limits.
190 Satellite Business Systems is described in a “Special Re-
port” by Drs. William Ginsberg and Robert Golden, prepared for Shearson Hayden Stone, New York.
190 Vincent Giuliano is quoted from interview with author. 192 Goldfield on “para-principals” is based on interview with author.192 Office automation and the seven-nation study are cov-
ered in “The Coming of the Robot Workplace,” The Financial Times (London), June 14, 1978.
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
Work at home, in companies like United Airlines and McDonald’s, is covered in “A Way to Improve Of-
462 THE THIRD WAVE
fice’s Efficiency: Just Stay at Home,” The Watt Street Journal, December 14, 1976.
198 Harvey Poppel is quoted from an interview with the au-
thor and from his unpublished forecast, “The Incredible Information Revolution of 1984.” Latham is cited from [54], p. 30.
198 Changes hi white-collar work are discussed in “The Au- tomated Office” by Hollis Vail, in The Futurist, April 1978.

• Institute for the Future findings are reported in Paul

Baran, Potential Market Demand for Two-Way Information Services to the Home 1970-1990, published by the Institute for the Future, Menlo Park, Calif., 1971.

• Computer programming at home is described in “Fitting

Baby Into the Programme,” The Guardian (Manchester), September 9, 1977.

• “People huddled around a computer” is drawn from

“Communicating May Replace Commuting,” Electronics, March 7,1974. Michael Koerner cited in [26], Vol. I, p. 240.

• For the Nilles group halfway-house model see Electron- ics, March 7, 1974, cited

200 The key study on substitution of communications for commuting is [49].CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
209 The chief government statistician on family matters, Dr. 1977.209 Carter is quoted from “Right Now,” McCall’s, May
Paul Glick of the U.S. Census Bureau, is quoted from Dr. Israel Zwerling, “Is Love Enough to Hold a Family Together?” Cincinnati Horizons, December 1977.
212 Percent of U.S. population in classical nuclear families
is from U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Special Labor Force Report 206, “Marital and Family Characteristics of the Labor Force in March 1976,” Monthly Labor Review, June 1977.
212 People living alone are described in “Today’s Family—
Something Different,” U-S. News & World Report, July 9, 1979; also “trend to Living Alone Brings Economic and Social Change,” The New York Times* March 20, 1977; and ‘The Ways ‘Singles’ Are Changing U.S.,” U.S. News & World Report, January 31, 1977.

• Rise in unwed couples reported in “Unwed Couples Liv-

NOTES 463
ing Together Increase by 117%,” The Washington Post, June 28, 1979; see also “H.U.D. Will Accept Unmarried Couples for Public Housing,” The New York Times, May 29, 1977.

• On courts wrestling with unwed couples’ “divorces”:

“How to Sue Your Live-in Lover,” by Sally Abrahms in New York, November 13, 1978; also, “Unmarried Couples: Unique Legal Plight,” Los Angeles Times, November 13, 1977.
213 Etiquette and “couple counseling” is from “‘Living in Sin* Is In Style,” The National Observer, May 30, 1977. 213 Ramey is quoted from the November-December 1975newsletter of the National Organization for Non-Parents, now renamedthe National Alliance for Optional Parenthood.

• Childless couples are described in “In New German At-

titude on Family Life, Many Couples Decide to Forgo Children,” The New York Times, August 25, 1976; also “Marriage and Divorce, Russian Style— ‘Strange Blend of Marx and Freud,'” U.S. News & World Report, August 30, 1976.

• On children in single-parent households, see [194], 1. 214 To show how demography, technology, and other forces

influence the family is not to say the family is a passive element hi society, merely reacting or adapting to changes elsewhere in the system. It is also an active force. But the impact of outside events on the family—war, for example, or technological change— is often immediate, while the impact of the family on society may be long delayed. The real impact of the family is not felt until its children grow up and take their place in society.
214 The rise of one-parent households in Britain, Germany,
and Scandinavia is reported in “The Contrasting Fortunes of Europe’s One-parent Families,” To The Point International (Sandton, Transvaal, South Africa), August 23,1976.

• “Aggregate family” is identified in [502], pp. 248-249. 214 Davidyne Mayleas is quoted from “About Women: The

Post-Divorce ‘Poly-Family,'” Los Angeles Times, May 7, 1978.

• The rich variety of family arrangements is explored in – “Family Structure and the Mental Health of Children” by Sheppard Kellam, M.D., Margaret E. Ensminger, M.A., and R. Jay Turner, Ph.D., hi the Archives of General Psychiatry (American Medical Association), September 1977.

464 THE THIRD WAVE
215 Jessie Bernard on family diversification is quoted from [187], pp. 302 and 305.223 For press coverage of woman hired for artificial insemi-
nation in Britain see “Astonishing Plan Says the Judge,” Evening News (London), June 20, 1978. Also, “Woman Hired to Have a Child,” The Guardian (Manchester), June 21, 1978.
223 Lesbian child-custody rights are discussed in “Judge
Grants a Lesbian Custody of 3 Children,” The New York Times, June 3, 1978; also, “Victory for Lesbian in Child Custody Case,” San Francisco Chronicle, April 12, 1978.
223 “Parental malpractice” suit is covered by “Son Suea Folks for Malpractice,” Chicago Tribune, April 28, 1978.225 On company couples as a phenomenon hi business, see
“The Corporate Woman: ‘Company Couples’ Flourish,” Business Week, August 2, 1976.

CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
227 Carter and Blumenthal are quoted in “‘I Don’t Trust
Any Economists Today'” by Juan Cameron, in For-tune, September 11, 1978.

• On the “ecu,” see Andre* M. Coussement, “Why the Ecu Still Isn’t Quite Real,” Euromoney, October
• The rise of Eurocurrencies and the global electronic

banking network are described in “Stateless Money: A New Force on World Economies,” Business Week, August 21, 1978; John B. Caouette, “Time Zones and the Arranging Centre,” Euromoney, July 1978; and “Clash over Stateless Cash,” Time, November 5, 1979. ;

• Eurodollars were discussed by the author in [150], p,
• COMECON, centered on the Soviet Union, has its own

interrelated troubles. In an unprecedented move Erich Honecker, East Germany’s Communist head of state, i not long ago blasted COMECON’s rules as “one-sided and short-sighted,” warning Moscow that “nobody has the right to halt the production of East German I
products.” (See Forbes, March 20, 1978.) The 1 U.S.S.R. economy itself has split into four distinct and conflicting segments—a Third Wave, high-technology military segment forever clamoring for bigger budgets; a hopelessly backward Second Wave segment that is riddled with mismanagement and shortages ai it attempts to meet rising consumer demands; and an even more backward and malplanned agricultural seg-
NOTES 465229 229
229
230 230
232
ment beset with intractable problems of its own. Beneath all of these stands a shadowy fourth segment—a “phantom economy” based on payoffs, graft, and corruption, without which many of the operations in the other three segments would grind to a halt.
Greatly dependent upon infusions of technology and capital from the global economy (and susceptible to its illnesses), the socialist industrial nations are also caught up in forces larger than they can control.Poland, for example, Ping-Pongs back and forth between inflation- induced food price hikes and angry worker protests. Having borrowed$13 billion from the West, it stands poised on the knife-edge ofbankruptcy and pleads with its creditors to stretch out the terms of loan repayment. The other socialist economies are similarly beginning tode-massify and their productive organizations, too, are caught up in theenormous wave of change.
On corruption in the U.S.S.R., see Smith, [484], p. 86 et seq. The U.S.S.R.’s dependence on other countries for technology and capital is discussed in “Rollback, Mark II” by Brian Crozier, in National Review, June 8, 1978. Poland’s food and worker problems are reported in “Poland: Meat and Potatoes,” Newsweek, January 2, 1978; its financial problems are treated hi “Poland’s Creditors Watch the Ripening Grain” by Alison Macleod, in Euromoney, July 1978.
The Euromoney quote is from its article, “Time Zones and the Arranging Center,” cited above.
The international cash manager’s role is described in “Stateless Money: A New Force on World Economies/’ Business Week, August 21, 1978.
Acceleration in marketing and television are discussed in Editorial Viewpoint,” in Advertising Age, October 13, 1975.
COMECON’s price revisions are noted in “L’inflation se generalise,” Le Figaro (Paris), March 4, 1975.
The British economist Graham Hutton, in a paper for the Institute of Economic Affairs, writes that “as our inflation has accelerated, so all government and business longer-term indebtedness is forced to get younger and shorter . . . velocity of circulation rises faster; time-periods for even three-year contracts ahead have to be re-worded to build-inthe expected inflation-rate of acceleration; wage bargains become quicker and shorter.” “Inflation and Legal Institutions,” in [129], p. 120.
Canada’s Eskimos: “Eskimos Seek Fifth of Canada as Province,” The New York Times, February 28, 1976.

466 THE THIRD WAVE
232 Indian demands are reported in “Settlement of Indian
Land Claim in Rhode Island Could Pave Way for Resolving 20 Other Disputes,” The Wall Street Jour-nal, September 13, 1978; and “A Backlash Stalks the Indians,” Business Week, September 11, 1978.

• On Ainu minority in Japan see “Ainu’s Appeal Printed

hi Book,” Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo), November 15, 1973. On Koreans: “Rightists Attack Korean Office; Six Arrested,” Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo), September 4, 1975.

• David Ewing is quoted from “The Corporation As Pub- lic Enemy 1,” Saturday Review, January 21, 1978.
• John C. Biegler is quoted from “Is Corporate Social Re-

sponsibility a Dead Issue?” Business and Society -Review, Spring 1978.
237 Jayne Baker Spain: “The Crisis in the American Board:
A More Muscular Contributor,” audiotape produced by AMACOM, a division of the American Management Associations, 1978.
237 Olin indicted: see Olin Shareholder Quarterly and An- nual Meeting Report, May 1978.

• On Thalidomide, see “A Scandal Too Long Concealed,”

Time, May 7,1979.

• Henry Ford II is quoted from “Is Corporate Social Re-

sponsibility a Dead Issue?” Business and Society Review, Spring 1978.

• Control Data’s policies are described in “The Mounting

Backlash Against Corporate Takeovers” by Bob Ta-markin, hi Forbes, August 7, 1978; and the company’s “Mission Statement,” 1978.

• Allen Neuharth is quoted from “The News Mogul Who

Would Be Famous” by David Shaw, in Esquire, September 1979. 240 Rosemary Bruner is quoted from interview with author.

• On the corporation’s multiple purposes see “The New Corporate Environmentalists,” Business Week, May 28, 1979; also,

“MCSI: The Future of Social Responsibility” by George C. Sawyer, inBusiness Tomorrow, June 1979.

• The American Accounting Association reports are described in [16], p.
• Juanita Kreps’ suggestion is reported hi “A Bureaucratic

Brainstorm” by Marvin Stone, in U.S. News & World Report, January 9,1978.

• The giant Swiss food firm and the quote from Pierre

Arnold are from “When Businessmen Confess Their Social Sins,” Business Week, November 6, 1978. 242 On social reports of European companies see “Europe
NOTES 467Tries the Corporate Social Report” by Meinolf Dier-kes and RobCoppock, in Business and Society Review, Spring 1978. 243 Cornelius Brevoord is quoted from “Effective Manage- ment in the Future” in [12].

• William Halal’s remarks are from his “Beyond R.O.I.,” Business Tomorrow, April 1979.

CHAPTER NINETEEN
246 Flextime has generated a large literature. Among the
sources used here are: “Workers Find ‘Flextime* Makes for Flexible Living,” The New York Times, October 15, 1979; “Flexible Work Hours a Success, Study Says,” The New York Times, November 9, 1977; “The Scheme That’s Killing The Rat-Race Blues” by Robert Stuart Nathan, hi New York, July 18, 1977; “Work When You Want To,” Europa magazine, April 1972; “Flexing Time” by Geoffrey Sheridan, hi New Society (London), November 1972; and Kanter, [529].
248 The increase in night work is described in “Le Sommeil
du Travailleur de Nuit,” Le Monde (Paris), December 14, 1977; and in Packard, [500], Chapter 4.

• The growth in numbers of part-time workers is covered

in “In Permanent Part-Time Work, You Can’t Beat the Hours” by Roberta Graham, in Nation’s Business, January 1979; see also “Growing Part-Time Work Force Has Major Impact on Economy,” The New York Times, April 12, 1977.

• The Citibank television commercial is quoted from a

transcript provided by the advertising agency, Wells, Rich, Greene, Inc., New York.
.251 On service workers outnumbering manufacturing work- ers, see [63], p. 3.251 Time-of-day utilities pricing is reported in “Environmen-
talists Are Split Over Issue of Time-of-Day Pricing of Electricity,” The Wall Street Journal, October 5, 1978.
251 Connecticut’s advocacy of flextime is from “Your
(Flex) Time May Come” by Frank T. Morgan, in Personnel Journal, February 1977.
251 Impact of video recorders on televiewing is analyzed hi
“Will Betamax Be Busted?” by Steven Brill, in Esquire, June 20, 1978. 252 Computer conferencing is described from author’s ex-perience; materials supplied by the Electronic Information Exchange System, New Jersey Institute of

468 THE THIRD WAVE
Technology, Newark, N.J.; and from Planet News, December 1978, a publication of Infomedia Corporation, Palo Alto, Calif.

• Varying wages and fringe benefit packages are exam-

ined in “Companies Offer Benefits Cafeteria-Style,” Business Week, November 13, 1978.

• For trends in German art see Dieter Honisch, “What Is

Admired in Cologne May Not Be Appreciated in Munich,” Art News, October 1978.

• On the mass merchandising of hard-cover books, refer

to “Just A Minute, Marshall McLuhan” by Cynthia Saltzman, in Forbes, October 30, 1978.

• On decentralization in Kiev see [478], p.

257 The defeat of Sweden’s Socialist government is reported
in “Swedish Socialists Lose to Coalition After 44-Year Rule,” The New York Times, September 20, 1976.
257 Scottish nationalists’ policies are analyzed in [370], p. 14.257 New Zealand’s Values Party program was laid out in Values Party, Blueprint for New Zealand, 1972.257 The rise of neighborhood power is tracked in “Cities Big and Small Decentralize in Effort to Relieve Frustrations,” The New York Times, April 29, 1979; and “Neighborhood Planning: Designing for the Future,” Self-Reliance, published by the Institute for Local Self-Reliance, Washington, D.C., November 1976.

• On ROBBED and other neighborhood groups note “Ac-

tivist Neighborhood Groups Are Becoming a New Political Force,” The New York Times, June 18, 1979.

• S. Senator Mark Hatfield (R., Ore.) once introduced

a bill designed to revive neighborhood and community government by permitting a local resident to donate up to 80 percent of his federal income tax to a duly organized local neighborhood government.

• Esmark’s reorganization was described in “Esmark

Spawns A Thousand Profit Centers,” Business Week, August 3, 1974; see also Esmark annual report, 1978.

• Author’s description of “Ad-hocracy” is from [502], Chapter
• Matrix organizations are described in [13].

 

• The surprising growth of regional banks is detailed in

“The Fancy Dans at the Regional Banks,” Business Week, April 17,1978.
262 Franchising is discussed hi “The Right Way to Invest in
Franchise Companies,” by Linda Snyder, in Fortune^ April 24, 1978; also, U.S. Department of Commerce, Industry and Trade Administration, Franchising in the Economy 1976-1978. For franchising in Holland:
NOTES 469letter to author from G. G. Abeln, Secretariat, Neder-landse Franchise Vereniging, Rotterdam.262 An early report on the dispersal of population was “Cit- ies: More People Moving Out Than In, New Census Confirms,”Community Planning Report, Washington, D.C., November 17, 1975.
264 Lester Wunderman is quoted from The Village Voice, August 14, 1978.

• Anthony J. N. Judge is quoted from “Networking: The

Need for a New Concept,” Transnational Associations (Brussels), No. 172, 1974; and “A Lesson in Organization From Building Design— Transcending Duality Through Tensional Integrity: Part I,” Transnational Associations, No. 248,1978.
CHAPTER TWENTY

• The rise of self-help health services is documented in

“Doctoring Isn’t Just for Doctors” by Robert C. Yeager, in Medical World News, October 3, 1977.

• Blood pressure machines: “Medical Robot: A Slot Machine for Blood Pressure,” Time, October 10,
• Boom in sales of medical instruments: *The Revolution

in Home Health Care” by John J. Fried, in Free Enterprise, August 1978.
268 On self-help organizations: Interview with Dr. Alan
Gartner, co-director, New Human Services Institute. Also, “Bereavement Groups Fill Growing Need,” Los Angeles Times, November 13, 1977; and various issues of the Self-Help Reporter, published by the National Self-Help Clearinghouse, New York.
268 More than 500,000 self-help groups cited by Gartner
and Riessman, [58], p. 6. Riessman and Gartner have done some of the most useful work on the service economy. Their 1974 book [59], is indispensable.
270 Introduction of self-service gasoline pumps: “Save on
Gasoline: Pump It Yourself,” Washington Star, June 6, 1975. Also, “Now, the No-Service Station,” Time, August 22, 1977; “Business Around the World,” U.S. News & World Report, February 9, 1976.
270 Customers doing bank tellers’ work: “Tellers Work 24-
Hour Day, and Never Breathe a Word,” The New ‘York Times, May 14, 1976.
270 Stores shifting to self-service: “Futureshock/Store Ser-
vice: The Pressure on Payroll Overload,” Chain Store Age, September 1975. Also: “Marketing Observer,” Business Week, November 9, 1974.

470 THE THIRD WAVE

• Caroline Bird from [489], p.

 

• Whirlpool “Cool-Line” material supplied by Warren

Baver, manager of customer relations, Whirlpool Corporation, Benton Harbor, Michigan.

• Sales of power tools: “Tools for the Home: Do-It-Your-

self Becomes a National Pastime” by John Ingersoll, in Companion, September 1977. Also, “Psychograph-ics: A Market Segmentation Study of the D-I-Y Customer,” Hardware Retailing, October 1978. 272 Hie Frost & Sullivan data is from Study of the Market
for Home Improvement and Maintenance Products* 1976; Home Center & Associated Home Improve men Products Market, 1978; and The Do-It-Your self Market in the E.E.C. Countries, 1978, Frost & Sullivan, New York.

• S. News & World Report: “A Fresh Surge in Do-It- Yourself Boom,” issue of April 23, 1979.
• The Texas Instruments manager and Cyril Brown are

quoted from “Top Management Develops Strategy Aimed at Penetrating New Markets,” Electronics, October 25, 1978.

• Professor Inyong Ham, from interview with author. 274 Robert Anderson is quoted from interview with 276 One interesting implication of the rise of the prosumer

is a change in what might be termed the “market in-tensivity” of daily life. Are some societies more in- i volved with market activities than others? One way to measure this is to see how people spend their time. In the mid-1960’s sociologists in a dozen countries studied how
urban people spent their hours. The “time-budget” researchers divided daily life into thirty-seven different kinds of activity, from working and watching television to eating, sleeping, or visiting friends.
Without pretending to be at all scientific about it, I loosely lumped these thirty-seven activities into three categories: those that seemed to me the most “market- : intense,” those that are not, and those that lie some-J where hi between.
For example, the time we spend working for pay,: shopping in a department store, or commuting to our j jobs is clearly more “market- intense” than the time i we spend watering geraniums in the window box, playing fetch with the family dog, or chatting with the neighbors over the back fence.
Similarly, some activities, while not done for market purposes, are nevertheless so commercialized as to lie in between. (Packaged travel tours, ski weekends, even some get-away-from-it-all camping, involve j
NOTES 471277 278 280
282 285
so much purchased paraphernalia, so many paid-for services, and so many economic transactions as to represent a modified form of shopping.)
Using these crude categories I reviewed the time-budget studies. I promptly discovered that some lifestyles—and some societies—are more “market-intense** than others.
For instance, Americans in forty-four cities spent, on average, only 36 percent of their waking hours in market-connected activity. The remaining 64 percent of their waking hours were spent cooking, laundering, gardening, eating, brushing their teeth, studying, praying, reading, volunteering in community organizations, watching TV, chatting, or simply resting.
A similar pattern turned up in Western Europe: the average Frenchman spent an equivalent amount of waking hours in market-connected activity. For the Belgian it was a little more—38 percent For the West German a little less—34 percent.
Ironically, as soon as we move eastward geographically and “leftward” politically, numbers begin to climb. In East Germany, the most technologically advanced of the Communist countries, the average person spent 39 percent of his or her day in market-connected activity. In Czechoslovakia the figure rose to 42 percent. In Hungary 44 percent And in the Soviet Union it hit 47 percent.
It turns out, therefore, that mainly because of longer working hours but for other reasons as well, the life-style of the ordinary citizen was more
market-intensive in Pskov than in its American counterpart Despite socialist ideology, more of the average person’s daily life was wrapped up hi buying, selling, and exchanging goods, services and, indeed, labor itself.
Sweden’s work year and absenteeism: “Shorter Hours of Work” by Birger Viklund, in Arbetsmiljo International — 78.
The Bradley GT Kit is described in materials supplied by the company: Bradley Automotive Division of Thor Corporation, Edina, Minnesota.
Fuchs is quoted in “How Does Self-Help Work?” by Frank Riessman, in Social Policy, September/October -1976.
How earlier societies coped with unemployment is described in [106].
A note on barter and money: The rise of the prosumer compels us to rethink the future of barter, too. Barter
472 THE THIRD WAVE
is becoming big business these days. It is not limited to small transactions between individuals, swapping a used sofa, let’s say, for some auto repair services, or exchanging legal services for dental care. (Large numbers of people are discovering that barter can help them avoid taxes.) Barter is becoming more important in the worldeconomy, too, as countries and corporations—uncertain about the fast- changing relationships between hard and soft currencies—swap oil for jet fighters, coal for electricity, Brazilian iron ore for Chinese oil. Such barter is a form of exchange and therefore fits within Sector B.
But much of what self-help groups do can be characterized as a form of psychic barter—the swapping of life experiences and advice. And the housewife’s traditional role can be interpreted as the barter of her services for goods earned by a working husband. Are her services part of Sector A or Sector B? Third Wave economists will begin to sort outsuch questions—for until they do it will become increasingly impossible to understand the real economy in which we live, as distinct from the Second Wave economy now fading into history.
Similarly, we need to ask about the future of money. Money supplanted barter in the past partly because it was so difficult to keep track of complex swaps involving many different units of measurement Money radically simplified record keeping. The growing availability of computers, however, makes it easier to record extremely complex trades and therefore makes money, as such, less essential. Again, we have scarcely begun to think about such things. The rise of the prosumer, its relationship to barter, and the new technology will combine to make us think about old issues in new ways.
CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE

• Urban Land Institute report summary in “Rural S.

Growing Faster Than Cities,” International Herald Tribune, August 4-5, 1979.

• Lasers, rockets, : “Contemporary Frontiers in Physics” by Victor F. Weisskopf, in Science, January

19, 1979. 291 Struve is quoted in “Negotiating with Other Worlds” by
Michael A. G. Michaud, in The Futurist, April 1973. 291 Listening for signals: Sullivan, [468], p. 204.
NOTES 473

• Francois Jacob from his article “Darwinism Recon-

sidered,” Atlas World Press Review, January 1978.
292 “Genetic drift” and Dr. Motoo Kimura’s comments are
from “The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution,” Scientific American, November 1979.

• On eukaryotes and prokaryotesi “What Came First?” The Economist, July 28,
• The Grant Park Zoo apes: “Ape Hybrid Produced,”

Daily Telegraph (London), July 28, 1979. Also, “Old Evolutionary Doctrines Jolted by a Hybrid Ape,” The New York Times, July 29, 1979.
293 The evolutionary record: Warshofsky, [470], pp.
122-125. Also, Jantsch and Waddington, [180], Introduction. 293 The discovery of the structure of DNA is described by Watson in [471].

• Kornberg’s discovery and the “populary summary”:

[446], pp. 24-26.

• The British critic is Beynon John, “Albert Camus,” in [5], p. 312.

294 Club of Rome Report: [165], pp. 23-24. 296 Second Wave view of time: Whitrow, [520], pp.
100-101; also, G. J. Whitrow, “Reflections on the
History of the Concept of Time,” in [510], pp. 10-11.

• Gribbin, from [512], pp. xiii and

 

• Black holes: “Those Baffling Black Holes,” Time, Sep-

tember 4, 1978; ‘The Wizard of Space and Time” by Dennis Overbye, in Omni, February 1979. Also Warshofsky, [470], pp. 19-20.
297 Tachyons: [304], pp. 265-266.
297 Taylor is cited frpm his article, “Time in Particle Physics,” in [510], p. 53.
297 For Capra see [300], p. 52.

• Alternative and plural times: John Archibald Wheeler,

“Frontiers of Time,” lecture given at the International School of Physics, “Enrico Fermi,” Varenna, Italy, summer 1977.

• Cities losing population: “Rush to Big Cities Slowing

Down: Poll,” Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo), July 9, 1973; “Exploding Cities,” New Society (London), July 5, 1973; “Swiss Kaleidoscope,” Swiss Review of World Affairs, April 1974.

• The American Council of Life Insurance report is

“Changing Residential Patterns and Housing,” TAP Report 14, Fall 1976.

• Fortune is quoted from “Why Corporations Are on the Move” by Herbert E. Meyer, May

474 THE THIRD WAVE

• Arthur Robinson: “A Revolution in the Art of Map- making,” San Francisco Chronicle, August 29,
• The Arno Peters map is described in “The Peters World

Map: Is It an Improvement?” by Alexander Doro-zynski, in Canadian Geographic, August/September 1978.

• Simon Ramo is cited from [311], p.

 

• Barry Lopez’s article ran in the March 31, 1973, issue of Environmental

 

• Frederick Perls is quoted from his “Gestalt Therapy and Human Potentialities,” in [418], p. 1.

302 The holistic health movement is discussed in “Holistic
Health Concepts Gaining Momentum” by Constance Holden, hi Science, June 2, 1978.

• The World Bank expert is Charles Weiss, Jr., “Mobi-

lizing Technology for Developing Countries,” Science9 March 16,1979. 303 Laszlo is quoted in [308], p. 161.

• Eugene Odum: “The Emergence of Ecology as a New Integrative Discipline,” Science, March 25,1977.
• Maruyama is cited from his much-quoted paper, “The

Second Cybernetics: Deviation-Amplifying Mutual Causal Processes,” American Scientist, June 1963, pp. 164-179,250-256.
In “New Movements in Old Traps” published in Futurics, Fall 1977, pp. 59-62, Maruyama presents a critical typology of current epistemologies, comparing them in terms of such variables as causality, logic, perception, ethics, and cosmology. He has also analyzed the systemic implications of differentiation in “Heterogenistics and Morphogenetics” in Theory and Society, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 75-96, 1978.
306 The exposition on Prigogine is based on interviews and private correspondence with the author, as well as [458).308 The termite colony is described in Hya Prigogine, “Or-
der Through Fluctuation: Self-Organization and Social System,” in [180].
308 Prigogine is quoted from his paper, From Being to Be-
coming, published by the University of Texas Center for Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Austin, Texas, April 1978.
See also: “Time, Structure, and Fluctuations,” Science, September 1, 1978; “Order Out of Chaos” by I. Prigogine, Center for Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics, University of Texas at Austin and Facult6 des Sciences, Universite Libre de Bruxelles; and La Nouvelle Alliance, Hya Prigogine and Isabelle Stengers (Paris: Gallimard, 1979).
/VOTES 475
CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO
312 On Corsican and other separatists: “Fissionable Particles
of State,” Telegraph Sunday Magazine (London), June 11, 1978; also “Europe’s Passionate Separatists,” San Francisco Sunday Examiner & Chronicle, October 8, 1978.
312 Scottish assembly: “Home-Rule Plan Suffers Setback in British Votes,” The New York Times, March 3, 1979.

• Pressures for autonomy run deep in Scotland: “The De-

volution Pledges Which Will Not Go Away,” The Guardian (Manchester), July 28, 1979.

• Welsh nationalism: “Welsh Nationalists, Rebuffed, Fight

Fiercely for Their Language,” The New York Times, November 6, 1979.
313 Regional problems in Belgium: “Belgium: New Govern-
ment Rides the Tiger,” To The Point (Sandton, Transvaal, South Africa), October 27, 1978.
313 Sudeten Germans: “Germany’s Palestinians,” Newsweek9 June 2, 1975.313 South Tyrolese: “Conflict Within a Community” by Frances Pinter, in New Society (London), March 22, 1973. 313 Slovenes, Basques, Catalans, and Croatians: “How Un-happy Minorities Upset Europe’s Calm,” C7.S. News & World Report, January 31, 1977.
313 Pierre Trudeau is- quoted from “Language Dispute is
Termed Threat to Canada’s Unity,” The New York Times, October 26, 1976.
313 Autonomy movement in Alberta: “Western Canadians
Plan Own Party,” The New York Times, October 15, 1974; also “Canada, a Vast, Divided Nation, Gets Ready for a Crucial Election,” The New York Times, May 16, 1979.

• Western Australia’s secession movement: “How the West May Be Lost,” The Bulletin (Sydney), January 26, 314 Amalrik’s forecast is from [472].
• Armenian nationalists: “Armenia: The USSR’s Quiet

Little Hotbed of Terror,” San Francisco Examiner, October 9, 1978. 314 Georgians and Abkhazians: “Georgian and ArmenianPride Lead to Conflicts With Moscow,” The New York Times, June 27, 1978. Abkhazian minority’s demands: “Dispute hi Caucasus Mirrors Soviet Ethnic Mosaic,” The New York Times, June 25, 1978.

• The underground novel in California: [275]. 476 THE THIRD WAVE
• Report for Kissinger was prepared by Professor Arthur

Corwin, Director of the Cooperative Study for Mexican Migration. 315 Texas Monthly is quoted from “Portillo’s Revenge” byJohn Bloom, in the magazine’s issue of April 1979.
315 Puerto Rican separatism has produced an extensive
newspaper literature; see, for example, “F.A.L.N. Organization Asks Independence for Puerto Rico/’ The New York Times, November 9,1975.
315 For Alaskan separatism see “Alaska Self-Determina- tion,” Reason, September 1973.315 Native Americans asking for a sovereign state: “Black
Elk Asks Young Americans: Recognize Indians as Sovereign Nation,” The Colorado Daily (Boulder), October 18, 1974; also, “American Indian Council Seeks U.N. Accreditation,” The New York Times, January 26,1975.
315 The National Conference of State Legislatures is quoted
from ”America’s Regional Economic War,” State Legislatures, July/August 1976.
315 The “economic equivalent of civil war” is from “Coal
and Oil States, Upset by Carter Plan, Prepare for ‘Economic War* Over Energy,” The New York Times, AprU 27,1977.

• Jeffrey Knight: “After Setbacks—New Tactics in Envi – ronmental Crusade,” News & World Report, June 9,1975. 316 “Let the Bastards Freeze in the Dark”: editorial by

Phffip H. Abelson hi Science, November 16, 1973. 316 Mid westerners urged to stop “chasing smokestacks”: “Midwest, U.S. Heartland, Is
Found Losing Economic Vitality,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 9, 1975,

• Northeastern governors organize: “Playing Poorer Than

Thou: Sunbelt v. Snowbelt in Washington,” Time, February 13, 1978. 317 Pierre Trudeau in 1967 is quoted from Shaw [287], p.51.

• Denis de Rougement is quoted from the Bulletin of the Swiss Credit Bank, Zurich, May
• Senator McGovern is quoted from his article “The In- formation Age,” The New York Times, June 9,
• Statistics on transnational corporations are from Supple-

mentary Material on the Issue of Defining Transnational Corporations, a Report of the Secretariat to the Commission on Transnational Corporations, U.N. Economic and Social Council (UNESCO), March 23, 1979. 319 The extremely rapid spread of these TNCs may have al-
NOTES 477ready peaked, according to research by Prof. Brent Wilson of the University of Virginia. (Wilson shows that many large companies, in such low-technology industries as leather goods, apparel, textile, and rubber, are actually selling off foreign subsidiaries.) But this is not true for the very high-technology industries. See “Why the Multinational Tide Is Ebbing,” by Sanford Rose, in Fortune, August 1977.

• On relative scale of transnational corporations and

U.N.: testimony by Alvin Toffler before the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations; see [294], p. 265. Also reprinted as ‘The USA, the UN and Transnational Networks,” in International Associations (Brussels), No. 593, 1975.

• General Motors’ sales revenue and Lester Brown: [272J, pp. 214-216.

320 Exxon’s tanker fleet: see Wilczynski, [297], p. 40. 320 Communist Party members on a holiday: [297], p. 40. 320 Socialist transnationals: [297], pp. 134-145.320 Western-based TNCs and their transactions with COMB-
CON countries: [297], p. 57.

• TNCs from non-industrialized nations: The Rise of

Third World Multinationals” by David A. Heenan and Warren J. Keegan, in Harvard Business Review, January-February 1979.

• British TNCs violating British embargoes: “BP Con-

fesses It Broke Sanctions and Covered Up,” Sunday Times (London), August 27, 1978; also “Oil Chiefs Bust Sanctions,” The Observer (London), June 25, 1978; and Rhodesia (Oil Sanctions Inquiry), House of Commons Hansard, pp. 1184-1186, December 15, 1978.
321 Violation of U.S. regulations regarding the Arab boy-
cott: Boycott Report: Developments and Trends Af~ fecting the Arab Boycott, issued by the American Jewish Congress, New York, February 1979.
321 Transnational oil companies favoring their own prior- ities: [168], p. 312 -K321 Lester Brown is from [272], p. 222* 321 TNC intelligence: see [390].

• Hugh Stephenson: [289], p.

 

• Numbers of international organizations: [294], p.

See also [298].

• – Transnational organizations and IGOs from author’s in-

terview with A. J. N. Judge, Union of International Associations, Brussels.
323 Common Market’s tax commissioner: see “An EEC
Flea in Russia’s Ear,” The Economist (London), January 13,1979. 478 THE THIRD WAVE323 Agricultural and industrial policies made in Brussels:
“Farmer Solidarity Increase in Europe,” The New York Times, October 6, 1974.
323 Increase in the EEC budget rammed through: “A Win- try Chill in Brussels,” The Economist, January 20, 1979. 325 Trilateral Commission: “Oil Supplies ‘Could Meet De-
mand Until Early 1990’s,'” Financial Times (London), June 16,1978. CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE

• Figures on poverty, health, nutrition, and literacy are

from Robert S. McNamara, addresses to the Board of Governors of the World Bank, September 24, 1973, and September 26, 1977.

• Industrialization in Iran: “Iran’s Race for Riches,” Newsweek, March 24,1975.
• For interest rates and loans to projects and companies in

Iran, see “Iranian Borrowing: The Great Pipeline Loan Will Be Followed by Many More” by Nigel Bance, in Euromoney, June 1978.
330 German manager’s pay: “Iran: A Paradise in a Powder
Keg” by Marion Donhoff, hi Die Zeit (Hamburg), October 10, 1976. 330 Percentage of Iran’s goods consumed by one tenth ofthe population: “Regime of the Well-Oiled Gun” by Darryl D’Monte, in Economic & Political Weekly (India), January 12, 1974, extracted in Iran Research (London), January 1975.
330 Rural income in Iran: Introduction to special section,
“Iran: The Lion That Stopped Roaring,” Euromoney9 June 1978.330 Though it caught Washington policy makers and inter- national bankers off guard, the collapse of the Shah was not whollyunexpected to those who followed the flow of “unofficial” information coming out of Iran. As early as January 1975, fully four years before his overthrow, Bulletin No. 8 of Iran Researcht a freely circulated left- wing publication, reported that the movement to topple the Shah had reached “a higher stage in the revolutionary struggle.” The report detailed armed actions against the regime, the bombing of the Irana Tile Factory, the assassination of the “notorious owner of the Jahan Chit factories,” the escape of political prisoners with the aid of their guard. It printed the message of an Air Force lieutenant calling upon his “military brothers” to “take off this
NOTES 479shameful uniform and take up a guerilla gun.” Above all, it reported and praised the latest Fatva or proclamation of the exiled Ayatollah Khomeini in which he urged intensification of the drive against the regime. 332 The New York Times article is “Third World Industrial-
izes, Challenging the West …” in the issue of February 4, 1979.

• French steelworkers: “Steel’s Convulsive Retreat in Eu-

rope” by Agis Salpukas, in The New York Times International Economic Survey, February 4, 1979.

• “Between the sickle and the combine harvester” is from

“Second Class Capitalism” by Simon Watt, in Undercurrents (Reading, Berkshire), October-November, 1976.

• The Intermediate Technology Development Group and

examples of appropriate technology are from Appropriate Technology in the Commonwealth: A Directory of Institutions, published by the Food Production and Rural Development Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat, London.

• India’s reversion to First Wave methods: “India Goes

Back to Using the Handloom,” Financial Times (London), June 20, 1978.
334 Suharto is quoted by Mohammad Sadli, the Indonesian
minister of mines, in “A Case Study in Disillusion: U.S. Aid Effort in India,” The New York Times, June 25, 1974.
334 Samir Amin is quoted from [66], pp. 592-593.
Threshing contest in 1855: [101], pp. 303-304.338 Reddy on energy is quoted from his background paper, Simple Energy Technologies for Rural Families, prepared for theUNICEF Seminar on Simple Technology for The Rural Family, Nairobi, June 1976.

• For bio-gas programs see: “Integrated Microbial Tech-

nology for Developing Countries: Springboard for Economic Progress” by Edgar J. DaSilva, Reuben Olembo, and Anton Burgers, in Impact, April-June 1978. Also: “Fuels from Biomass: Integration with Food and Materials Systems” by E. S. Lipinsky, and “Solar Energy for Village Development” by Norman L. Brown and James W. Howe, both in Science, February 10, 1978.

• Technology in India: “India Developing Solar Power for Rural Electricity,” The New York Times, May 11, 339 Haim Aviv’s proposal is described in “Envisions Israel-

Egypt Joint Food-Fuel Project,” New York Post, April 14, 1979. 339 Environmental Research Lab in Tucson: “Powdered
480 THE THIRD WAVE
Martinis and Other Surprises Coming in the Future,” The New York Times, January 10,1979.

• Vermont catfish experiment and the New Alchemy Insti-

tute: “Future Farming” by Alan Anderson, Jr., in Omni, June 1979. 339 The twenty-year food forecasts of the Center for Fu-tures Research at U.S.C. are in the report, Neither Feast nor Famine: A Preliminary Report of the Second Twenty Year Forecast, by Selwyn Enzer, Richard Drobnick, and Steven Alter.

• John McHale and Magda Cordell McHale from [91], pp. 188-190.
• S. lyengar is quoted from his paper, Post-Industrial

Society in the Developing Countries, presented to the Special Conference on Futures Research in Rome, 1973.

• Ward Morehouse, “Microelectronic Chips to Feed the

Third World” by Stephanie Yanchinski, hi New Scientist (London), August 9, 1979.

• Roger Melen: San Francisco Chronicle, January 31
• John Magee is quoted from The New World Informa-

tion Order, a report by George Kroloff and Scott hen to the Senate Committee on Foreign Rel; November 1977.

• Suharto’s sword: “Asia’s Communications Boom: The

Promise of Satellite Technology,” Asiaweek (Hong Kong), November 24, 1978.

• Jagdish Kapur is quoted from his lecture, “India—2000

A.D.: A Framework for Survival,” presented to the India International Centre, New Delhi, January 17, 1974.

• Myrdal’s discussion of unemployment is found in [94] p.

345 A note here on the distinction between what I call “pre-
suming” and what some development economists term the “informal sector.” An intense debate has arisen over this informal economy which springs up within many of the world’s poor countries. In it, desperate millions attempt to eke out a living by doing odd jobs, peddling, street hustling, making furniture, driving, shining shoes, doing small-scale construction and other tasks. Some economists believe the existence of this sector is positive, since it opens a channel through which people make the transition into the formal economy. Other economists insist the informal economy merely locks people into permanent misery.
Whichever view proves correct, this informal sector is properly characterized as “petty commodity produc-
NOTES 481tion” in the sense that it is part of the market economy. For this reason, it differs fundamentally from what I have called the “prosumer sector,” which is based on production for use instead. The informal sector fits into what, in my terminology, is Sector B—production for exchange— not Sector A—production for use, which I call prosumption.
345 Streeten of the World Bank is quoted from his paper,
Development Ideas in Historical Perspective: The New Interest in Development (n.d.).
345 Yona Friedman is quoted from his paper No-Cost
Housing, presented to a meeting of UNESCO, November 14-18, 1977. 346 Some World Bank projects do emphasize self-help orsweat-equity approaches. See, for example, “The Bank and Urban Poverty” by Edward Jaycox, in Finance & Development, September 1978. Director of the Bank’s Urban Projects Department, Jaycox points out another implication of the sweat-equity approach: “Because the beneficiaries are expected to pay the costs [in the form of their labor], it often becomes not only desirable but essential that they participate in the decisions in planning and implementing the project.” Presuming, indeed, implies a higher degree of self-determination than production.
347 Leach: Literacy, A Nevis Institute Working Paper, Ed- inburgh, 1977.347 Marshall McLuhan discusses oral culture in [46], p. 50. 348 Samir Amin is quoted from [66], p. 595.CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR
(No notes are required for this chapter.)
CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE

• President’s Commission on Mental Health, and National Institute of Mental Health cited in [409], p.
• “Madness, Genius and Sainthood”: “The Marketplace,”

PENewsletter, October 1974. 366 Eight thousand therapies: [404], p.11.

• ^ The critical survey: [404], p.

 

• California magazine: “In Guns We Trust” by Karol Greene and Schuyler Ingle, in New West, April 23, 368 Popular novel: [21], p. 377.

370 Norman Macrae is quoted from his excellent article,
482 THE THIRD WAVE
The Coming Entrepreneurial Revolution,” The Economist, December 25, 1976.

• Matchmaker: Jewish Chronicle, June 16,

 

• Re: Future Shock, see [502], chapter

 

• Rollo May’s comment is from [414], p.

374 On cults, see [404], pp. 12,16, and 35.

• Unification Church businesses: “Gone Fishing,” News* week, September 11,
• Divine Light Center lawsuit: “Cuckoo Cult,” Time, May 7,

375 The Unification Church official is quoted in “Honor Thy
Father Moon” by Berkeley Rice, in Psychology Today, January 1976. 375 Dr. Sukhdeo is quoted in “Jersey Psychiatrist, Studyingthe Guyana Survivors, Fears Implications for U.S. Society From Other Cults” by Jon Nordheimer, in The New York Times, December 1, 1978.
375 Sherwin Harris is quoted in “I Never Once Thought He
Was Crazy” by Jon Nordheimer, in The New York Times, November 27 1978.
CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX

• Reszler’s essay is “L’homme nouveau’: esp£rance et histoire,” Cadmos (Geneva), Winter
• Fromm is quoted from [406], p. 304; and from [407],

 

• 77. Conover is quoted from an interview with author.

386 Flexible fringe benefits are described in “Companies Of-
fer Benefits Cafeteria-Style,” Business Week, November 13,1978. 386 Reluctance of employees to move: “Mobile Society Puts Down Roots,” Time, June 12, 1978.386 Matrix is described in [13], p. 104.
390 For Enzensberger, see [42], p. 97. CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN

• President Carter is quoted from his address to the coun-

try on energy problems, text in The New York Times, July 16, 1979. 394 General Motors* experience with catalytic converterswas covered in “Why Don’t We Recall Congress for Defective Parts?” by Robert I. Weingarten, in Financial World, March 26, 1975.

• Forty-five thousand pages of new regulations a year:

Regulatory Failure 111 (Washington, D.C.: National Association of Manufacturers, April 1978), p. A-2,
NOTES 483394 Steel industry: advertisement of Bethlehem Steel, Time, June 26, 1978.394 Eli Lilly and government forms: “The Day the Paper
Stopped” by Robert Bendiner, The New York Times, March 16, 1977. 394 Exxon report to the FEA: Michael C. Jensen andWilliam H. Meckling, Can the Corporation Survive? (Rochester, N.Y.:University of Rochester Graduate School of Management, May 1976),

• 2.

394 On political paralysis: French voters speak of the politi-
cal “freeze” or the “blockage of politics.” A former prime minister, Michel Debr6, sees a “crisis of the regime.” See Flora Lewis’s report, “Life’s Not Bad, but French Foresee Disaster,” The New York Times, November 17, 1979.
394 The Japanese prime minister Takeo Miki is quoted in
“Fragility of Democracy Stirs Japanese Anxiety” by Richard Halloran in The New York Times, November 9, 1975.
396 Election statistics for 1976 are from: Election Research
Center, America Votes 12 (Washington, D. C.: Congressional Quarterly, 1977), and Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
396 Independent voters: “As the Parties Decline” by Freder- ick G. Dutton, in The New York Times, May 8, 1972.396 Decline of the Labour Party: “How Labour Lost Its
Legions,” by Dr. Stephen Haseler, in Daily Mail (London), August 9, 1979.
396 Japanese quote from The Daily Yomiuri (Tokyo), De- cember 28, 1972.396 Victor Nekipelov: from “Here a Stalin There a Stalin
Everywhere a Stalin Stalin,” The New York Times, August 14, 1979. 396 New Zealand politics: “NZ Elections Give Rise to aTime Like Alice” by Christopher Beck, in The Asian, November 22,1972.

• The American Enterprise Institute report is cited by

“TRB” in “Who’s in Charge in Washington? No One’s in Charge There,” Philadelphia Inquirer, March 3, 1979.

• Private armies in Britain: ‘Thunder From the Right,”

Newsweek, August 26, 1974; also “Phantom Major Calls up an Anti- Chaos Army” by John Murchie, in the Daily Mirror (London), August 23, 1974.
397 Red Brigades: See Curtis Bill Pepper, “The Possessed,” New York Times Magazine, February 18, 1979.397 Anti-terrorism laws in West Germany: Keesing’s Con-
temporary Archives (London: Longman Group, 1979),

484 THE THIRD WAVE

• 29497-8; “Scissors in the Head” by David Zane Mairowitz, in Harper’s, May 1978; “Germany Passes Tough Terrorist Law,” Indianapolis Star, April 14, 1978; “West Germany’s Private Watch on Political Morals” by James Fenton, in The Guardian (Manchester), June 19, 1978.

 

• Aldo Moro: “Roman Outrage,” Time, May 14, 1979. 398 Instability in Saudi Arabia: “External Threats to Saudi Stability,” Business Week, February 12,
• Sheikh Yamani: “Relax and Enjoy a Drive” by Julian Snyder, in International Money line, August 11,

400 Publication of Victory: Michael Simmons, “Literary
Victory for Stalin in Russia,” The Guardian (Manchester), August 4,1979.

• Resurgence of the right wing hi France: “Rightist Intel-

lectual Groups Rise in France” by Jonathan Kandell, in The New York Times, July 8, 1979; and “The New Right Raises Its Voice,” Time, August 6, 1979. Also William Pfaff column, International Herald Tribune, August 3,1979.

• The recrudescence of the Ku Klux Klan: “Violent Klan

Group Gaining Members” by Wayne King, in The New York Times, March 15, 1979; also “Vengeance for Raid Seen as Motive for 4 Killings at Anti-Klan March,” The New York Times, November 5, 1979; and “Prosecutor in Klan-Protest Killings Terms 12 Suspects Equally Guilty,” The New York Times, November 7, 1979.
401 Totalitarian inefficiency: “What Does Russia Want?” by Robin Knight, in U.S. News & World Report, July 16, 1979. 402 Fletcher quote: Interview with author.404 Jill Tweedie: “Why Jimmy’s Power Is Purely Peanuts,” The Guardian (Manchester), August 2, 1979.405 Price increases hi Czechoslovakia and Hungary: “Infla-
tion Exists,” The Economist, July 28,1979. 407 The Advertising Age article is: Stanley E. Cohen,
“President’s Economic Switch Puts Emphasis on
Spending,” January 20,1975. 407 Oil experts: See Helmut Bechtaldt, “The Diktat of the
Oil Millions,” Aussenpolitik, Third Quarter, 1974. 407 Speed of economic change: Fortune is quoted from
“Business Roundup,” January 1975.
407 Margaret Thatcher’s clouded crystal ball is noted in
John Cunningham, “Guardian Women,” The Guardian (Manchester), July 31, 1979.
408 Richard Reeves is quoted from his article “The Next Coming of Teddy,” Esquire, May 9,1978.
NOTES 485

• Robert Skidelsky is cited in “Keynes and Unfinished

Business,” The New York Times, December 19, 1974. 409 Gay Nazis: “Out of Focus” column in Focus/Midwest, Vol. 10, No. 66.

• Labor’s political drives: A. H. Raskin, “Mr. Labor: Ide-

ology is Baloney,'” book review of Joseph C. Goul-den’s biography of George Meany, The New York Times, October 23, 1972.

• Representative Mineta is quoted in “The Great Con- gressional Power Grab,” Business Week, September 11, 411 The Harper’s magazine article is William Shawcross,

“Dr. Kissinger Goes to War,” May 1979.

• Decision overload exists even in the arts bureaucracy:

“The National Endowment for the Arts Grows Up” by Malcolm N. Carter, in Art News, September 1979.

• For Pentagon decision-making see Armbrister, [379]

 

• 191-2. The reference to seventy-six as the number of missions the Pentagon officer had to review is from Armbrister interview with author.

412 Multibillion dollar bungle: “The Case of the Misplaced
$30 Billion,” Business Week, July 24, 1978.
412 Stuart Eizenstat is quoted in “The Great Congressional Power Grab,” Business Week, September 11, 1978.413 Congress: see report by The Congressional Clearing-
house on the Future and the Congressional Institute for the Future, Washington, D.C., July 1979. 413 Soviet decision paralysis: “Worldgram,” U.S. News &
World Report, November 24, 1975.
413 The Member of Parliament is Gerald T. Fowler, quoted
in “Devolution Will Ease Load at Whitehall, Minister Says” by Trevor Fishlock, in The Times (London), January 16, 1976.
I 413 Sir Richard Marsh is quoted in his article “Why West-
minster Can’t Take Business Decisions,” Industrial Management (Wembley, Middlesex), July 1979.
I 413 On Italy’s political crisis: “Italy Seeks a Government,”
Financial Times (London), August 3, 1979; also “Italy’s Coalition Gets a Vote of Approval in Parliament” by Henry Tanner, in The New York Times, August 12, 1979.
CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT
416 On the Constitutional Convention see Flexner [387], p

• 418 Jefferson is quoted from £392], pp. 32, 67.

486 THE THIRD WAVE
420 Burnham: “A Disenchanted Electorate May Stay Home in Droves,” The New York Times, February 1, 1976.420 Silent majority: [391], p. 410
421 South Africa: See interview with Roelof Frederik “Pik” Botha in Starcke [378], p. 68.South Africa is characterized as “still industrializ- 1 ing,” even though it has an advanced technological I base, because important sectors of its population are I still outside the industrial system. As in Brazil, Mex-I
ico, India, and other such countries, an island of quite developed industrialism exists in the middle of prein-dustrial conditions. 425 Becker from [380], pp. 183-185.
427 Growth of the Congressional staff: “Proxmire’s Well-
Placed Jab” by Marvin Stone, in U.S. News & World Report, September 10, 1979.
428 On traces of direct democracy in the French revolution* ary constitution: [347], p. 18.428 Marx invoking the Paris Commune is from [347], p.
61.
428 Federalist objections to direct democracy: See Clark
McCauley, Omar Rood and Tom Johnson, “The Next Democracy,” in the World Future Society Bulletin, November-December 1977.
429 Rene* Levesque taking power: “Business Has the Jitters in Quebec” by Herbert E. Meyer, in Fortune, October 1977. 430 Nuclear referendum in California: “Atomic Reaction:Voters in California Weigh Pros and Cons of Nuclear Energy,” WallStreet Journal, March 1, 1976. 433 Wallonia protests the shift of industry to Flanders:
“Wallonia,” Financial Times Survey (London), May 12, 1976. 433 Western states as energy colonies: “After Setbacks-New Tactics in Environmental Crusade,” U.S. News & World Report, June 9, 1975.
434 Geographical tilt from “Corporate Flying: Changing
the Way Companies Do Business,” Business Week$ i February 6, 1978.
435 The decision load concept leads to the dismal suspicion
that, regardless of political struggle, any given deci> sion load will be borne by the fewest people capably of handling it—that a small number of people will al« 1: ways succeed in monopolizing decision-making power, until they are overwhelmed by a decisional implosion and are simply no longer able to carry the load them* selves.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Since articles, scientific and scholarly papers, and specialized reports are fully described in the accompanying Notes, this listing is limited to
books and to a small number of monographs and proceedings. I have grouped the entries under a few headings.
ARTS
[1] Boucher, Francois. 20,000 Years of Fashion. (New
York: Harry N. Abrams, 1968.) [2] Hading, Robert, ed. The Modern Interior. (New York:
St. Martin’s Press, 1964.) [3] Hauser, Arnold. The Social History of Art (4 vols.),
trans. Stanley Godman. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Vintage Books, 1951.)[4] Klingender, Francis D. Art and the Industrial Revolu-
tion, ed. Arthur Elton. (London: Paladin, 1972.) [5J Kostelanetz, Richard, ed. On Contemporary Literature.
(New York: Avon, 1974.) [6] Mueller, John H. The American Symphony Orchestra.
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1951.) [7] Sachs, Curt The History of Musical Instruments. (New
York: W. W. Norton, 1940.) [8] Thomson, George. Marxism and Poetry. (New York:
International Publishers, 1946.) HUSINESS/MANAGEMENT/ORGANI2JATION THEORY19] Adams, T. F. M., and N. Kobayashi. The World of Japanese Business. (Tokyo: Kodansha International, 1969.) 487488 [101
[12] [13] [14]
[15] [16] [17]
[18]
[19]
[20] [21] [22] [23] [24]
[25] [26]
[27]
[28] [29] THE TH/HDAnthony, William P. Participative Management. (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1978.)
Beer,’Stafford. Brain of the Firm: The Managerial Cy-bernetics of Organization. (London: Allen Lane, Penguin Press, 1972.)
Bentoii, Lewis, ed. Management for the Future. (Ne York: McGraw-Hill, 1978.)
Davis, Stanley M., and Paul R. Lawrence. Matn (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1977.)
Dewing* Arthur S. Financial Policy of Corporatio Vote. I and H, 5th edition. (New York: Ronald “
1953.) Drucker, Peter F. The Concept of the Corporation. (New
York: New American Library, Mentor, 1964.) Gambling* Trevor. Societal Accounting. (Londo
George Allen & Unwin, 1974.)
Gross, Bertram M. The Managing of Organizatio The Administrative Struggle, Vols. I and n. (Nev York: Free Press Macmillan, 1964.) Gvishiani, D. Organisation and Management: A Socio* logical Analysis of Western Theories, trans. Robert Daglish and Leonid Kolesnikov. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1972.)
Janger, Allen R. Corporate Organization Structures: Service Companies. (New York: Conference Board, 1977.)ICahn, Herman, ed. The Future of the Corpora
(New York: Mason & Lipscomb, 1974.) Knebel, Fletcher. The Bottom Line. (New York: Pock
Books, 1975.) Korda, Michael. Power! How To Get It, How To U&
It. (New York: Ballantine Books, 1975.) Labor Research Association.Billionaire Corporate
(New York: International Publishers, 1954.) Lawrence, Paul R., and Jay W. Lorsch. Developing gartizations: Diagnosis and Action. (Reading, * Addison-Wesley, 1969.) Moore, Wilbert E. The Conduct of the Corpora
(New York: Random House, Vintage Books, 1962.) Newman, Peter C. The Canadian Establishment, * (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart- Bantam, Books, 1977.)
Pattee, Howard H., ed. Hierarchy Theory: The Ch lenge of Complex Systems. (New York: George ziller, 1973.) Roy, Robert H. The Cultures of Management. (Ba
more: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977.) Scull, Penrose, and Prescott C. Fuller. From Peddlers \ Merchant Princes. (Chicago: Follett, 1967.)
BIBLIOGRAPHY 489

• Sloan, Alfred P., Jr. My Years With General

(New York: MacFadden-Bartell, 1965.)

• Stein, Barry A. Size, Efficiency, and Community Enter-

prise. (Cambridge, Mass.: Center for Community Economic Development, 1974.)

• Tannenbaum, Arnold , et si. Hierarchy in Organize** tions. (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1974.)

 

• Tarnowieski, The Changing Success Ethic: An AMA Survey Report. (New York: Amacom, 1973.)

 

• Toffler, Social Dynamics and the Bell System. Report to the American Telephone & Telegraph Co.

 

• Van der Haas, La Mutation de L’Entreprise Eu-rope’enne, trans. Pierre Rocheron. (Paris: Editions Robert Laffont, I/Usine Nouvelle, 1971.)

 

• Yoshino, Y. Japan’s Managerial System: Tradition and Innovation. (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1968.)

COMMUNICATIONS [37] [38] [39]Aranguren, J. L. Human Communication, trans. Frances Partridge. (New York: McGraw-Hill, World University Library, 1967.)
Baran, Paul. Potential Market Demand for Two-Way Information Services to the Home, 1970-1990. (Menlo Park, Cal.: Institute for the Future, 1971.) Bell System Statistical Manual 1940-1969. American Telephone & Telegraph Co., Corporate Results Analysis Division. (New York, 1970.)

• Brunner, The Shockwave Rider. (New York: Harper & Row, 1975.)

 

• Cherry, World Communication: Threat or Promise? (London: John Wiley, Wiley-Interscience, 1971.)

 

• Enzensberger, Hans Magnus, The Consciousness Indus-

try: On Literature, Politics and the Media. (New York: Seabury Press, Continuum, 1974.)

• Innis, Harold The Bias of Communication. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1951.)

 

• .. Empire and Communications, rev. Mary Q. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1972.)
• Laborit, Henri. Decoding the Human Message, trans-Stephen

Bodington and Alison Wilson. (London: Allison & Busby, 1977.)

• – McLuhan, Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1965.)

 

• Martin, The Wired Society. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1978.)
• Mathison, Stuart , and Philip M. Walker. Computers 490 THE THIRD WAVE

and Telecommunications: Issues in Public Policy. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1970.)

• Nilles, J. M., et al. The Telecommunications-Transporta-

tion Tradeoff: Options for Tomorrow. (New York: John Wiley, 1976.)

• Paine, Albert In One Man’s Life. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1921.)
• Pye, Lucian W., ed. Communications and Political De- velopment. (Princeton, J.: Princeton University Press, 1963.)
• Servan-Schreiber, Jean Le Pouvoir d’Informer. (Paris: Editions Robert Laffont, 1972).
• Singer, Benjamin D. Feedback and Society: A Stucfy of

the Uses of Mass Channels for Coping. (Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath, Lexington Boojcs, 1973.)

• 9 ed. Communications in Canadian Society. (To-

ronto: Copp Clark, 1972.)

• Soper, Horace N. The Mails: History, Organization and

. .Methods of Payment. (London: Keliher, Hudson and Kearns, 1946.)

• Zilliacus, From Pillar to Post. (London: Heine- mann, 1956.)

CONSUMER/SELF-HELP/SERVICES

• Friedman, Une Utopie Realisee. (Paris: Muse*e d’Art Moderne, 1975.)

 

• Gartner, Alan, and Frank Riessman. Self-Help in the

Human Services. (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1977.)

• ——.. The Service Society and the Consumer Van- (New York: Harper & Row, 1974.)
• Halmos, The Personal Society. (London: Con- stable, 1970.)
• Kallen, Horace The Decline and Rise of the Con- sumer. (New York: Appleton-Century, 1936.)
• Katz, Alfred H., and Eugene I. Bender. The Strength In

Us: Self-Help Groups in the Modern World. (New York: Franklin Watts, New Viewpoints, 1976.)

• Lewis, The New Service Society. (London: Longman, 1973.)
• Steidl, Rose E., and Esther Crew Bratton. Work in the

Home. (New York: John Wiley, 1968.)
DEVELOPMENT THEORY/IMPERIALISM

• Alatas, Syed Modernization and Social Change. (Sydney, Australia: Angus and Robertson, 1972.) BIBLIOGRAPHY

491
[66] Amin, Samir. Accumulation on a World Scale: A Cri-
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on Ideology and Development. (New York: Simon
and Schuster, Clarion, 1967.) [68] Arrighi Giovanni. The Geometry of Imperialism: The
Limits of Hobson’s Paradigm, trans. Patrick Camiller.
(London: NLB, 1978.) [69] Bhagwati, Jagdish N., ed. The New International
Economic Order: The North-South Debate. (Cambridge, Mass.: MET Press, 1977.) [70] Bodard, Lucien. Green Hell: Massacre of the Brazilian
Indians, trans. Jennifer Monaghan. (New York:
Outerbridge and Dienstfrey, 1971.) [711 Brown, Michael Barratt. The Economics of Imperialism.
(Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1974.) [72] Brown,Richard D. Modernization: The Transformation
of American Life 1600-1865, ed. Eric Foner. (New
York: Hill and Wang, American Century, 1976.) [73] Cohen, Benjamin

• The Question of Imperialism: The

Political Economy of Dominance and Dependence.
(London: Macmillan, 1974.) [74] Cotlow, Lewis. The Twilight of the Primitive. (New
York: Ballantine Books, 1973.) [75] Curtin, Philip D., ed. Imperialism. (New York: Walker,
1971.) [76] Deutsch, Karl W., ed. Ecosocial Systems and Ecopol- itics: A Reader on Human and Social Implications of Environmental Management in Developing Countries.(Paris: UNESCO, 1977.) [77] Emmanuel, Arghiri. Unequal Exchange: A Study of the
Imperialism of Trade, trans. Brian Pearce. (London: NLB, Monthly Review Press, 1972.)[78] Erb, Guy F., and Valeriana Kallab, eds. Beyond De-
pendency: The Developing World Speaks Out. (Washington, D.C.: Overseas Development Council,1975.) [79] Friedmann, Georges. Industrial Society: The Emergence
of the Human Problems of Automation, ed. Harold

• Sheppard. (Glencoe, 111.: Free Press, 1955.) [80] Goldwin, Robert A., ed. Readings in Russian Foreign

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the Theory of Development. (New York: Atheneum,
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• Hobsbawm, J. Industry and Empire: From 1750 to the Present Day. (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1969.)
• Hoselitz, Bert F., and Wilbert E. Moore, eds. Industriali-

zation and Society. Proceedings of the Chicago Conference on Social Implications of Industrialization and Technical Change, 15-22 September, 1960. (Mouton, France: UNESCO, 1963.)

• Howe, Novels of Empire. (New York: Colum- bia University Press, 1949.)
• Hudson, Michael. Global Fracture: The New Interna-

tional Economic Order. (New York: Harper & Row, 1977.)

• -. Super Imperialism: The Economic Strategy of

American Empire. (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972.)

• Lean, Rich World, Poor World. (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1978.)
• Lenin, V. I. Imperialism, The Highest Stage of Capital-

ism. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1975.)

• Lerner, Daniel. The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle Z&w/. {New York: Free Press* )

 

• McHale, John, and Magda Cordell McHale. Basic Hu-

man Needs: A Framework for Action. (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Books, 1977.)

• Magdoff, Harry. The Age of Imperialism: The Econom-

ics of U.S. Foreign Policy. (New York: Monthly Review Press, Modern Reader, 1969.)

• Mathias, Peter. The First Industrial Nation: An

Economic History of Britain 1700-1914. (London: Methuen, 1969.)

• Myrdal, Gunnar. An Approach to the Asian Drama: Methodological and (New York: Vintage Books, 1970.)
• Nidergang, Marcel. The 20 Latin Americas, Vols, I and

II, trans. Rosemary Sheed. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1971.)

• Said, Edward Orientalism. (New York: Pantheon Books, 1978.)
• Schumpeter, Joseph. Imperialism, and Social Classes:

Two Essays, trans. Heinz Norden. (New York: World, 1955.)

• Toynbee, The Industrial Revolution. (Boston: Beacon Press, 1956.)
• World Rural Development, Sector Policy Paper. (Washington, D.C., 1975.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY
493
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Burton, Theodore E. Financial Crises and Periods of Industrial and Commercial Depression. (Wells, Vt.2 Fraser, 1966.)
Cipolla, Carlo M. The Economic History of World Population. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1964.)
Clough, Shepard B., Thomas Moodie, and Carol Moodie, eds. Economic History of Europe: Twentieth Century. (New York: Harper & Row, 1968.)
Fohlen, Claude. The Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vol. VI, Chapter 2, France 1920-1970, trans. Roger Greaves. (London: Fontana, 1973.)
Garraty, John A. Unemployment in History: Economic Thought and Public Policy. (New York: Harper & Row, 1978.)
Hartwell, R. M., et al. The Long Debate on Poverty: Eight Essays on Industrialization and “The Condition of England.” (London: Institute of Economic Affairs,
Hayek, Friedrich A., ed. Capitalism and the Historian.
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1954.) Kenwood, A. G., and A.L, Lougheed. The Growth of
the International Economy 1820-1960. (London:
George Allen & Unwin, 1971.) Kindleberger, Charles P. Manias, Panics, and Crashes:
A History of Financial Crises. (New York: Basic
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Allen Lane, Penguin Press, 1973.) Le Clair, Edward E., Jr., and Harold

• Schneider, eds.

Economic Anthropology: Readings in Theory and Analysis. (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston,1968.) Maizels, Alfred. Growth & Trade. (London: Cambridge University Press, 1970.)
Nove, Alec. An Economic History of the U.S.S.R. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1969.) Polanyi, Karl. The Great Transformation. (Bostons
Beacon Press, 1957.) 494 THE THIRD WAVE[116] Ringer, Fritz K., ed. The German Inflation of 1923.
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1969.) [117] Sahlins, Marshall. Stone Age Economics. (Chicago:
Aldine-Atherton, 1972.) [118] Williams, Glyndwr. The Expansion of Europe in the
Eighteenth Century: Overseas Rivalry, Discovery and
Exploitation. (New York: Walker, 1967.) [119] Woodruff, William. The Fontana Economic History of
Europe, Vol. IV, Chapter 2, The Emergence of an Zn- ternational Economy 1700-1924. (London: Fontana, 1971.)ECONOMICS

• Alampiev, , O. Bogomolov, and Y. Shiryaev. A New Approach to Economic Integration, trans. Y. Sdobni-kov. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1974.)

 

• Aliber, Robert The International Money Game, 2nd and expanded edition. (New York: Basic Books, 1976.)

 

• Balassa, The Theory of Economic Integration. (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1962.)

 

• Bozyk, Poland as a Trading Partner. (Warsaw: Interpress Publishers, 1972.)

 

• Brittan, Samuel. Participation Without Politics: An Analysis of the Nature and the Role of (London: Institute of Economic Affairs, 1975.)

 

• Concentration in American Report of the Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly to the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1957.)

 

• Economic Hearings before the Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly of the Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate. Parts 7 and 7A. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1968.)

 

• Galbraith, John Money: Whence It Came, Where It Went. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1975.)

 

• Henderson, Creating Alternative Futures: The End of Economics. (New York: Berkley Windhover, 1978.)

 

• Inflation: Economy and (London: Institute for Economic Affairs, 1972.)

 

• Ivens, Michael, Prophets of Freedom and Enterprise. (London: Kogan Page for Aims of Industry, 1975.)

 

• Kornai, Anti-Equilibrium: On Economic Systems Theory and the Tasks of Research. (Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1971.)

 

• Kuznetsov, V. I. Economic Integration: Two Ap-

BIBLIOGRAPHY 495
proaches, trans. Bean Brian. (Moscow: Progress
Publishers, 1976.) [133] Leiss, William. The Limits to Satisfaction: On Needs
and Commodities. (London: Marion Boyars, 1978.) [134] Little, Jane Sneddon. Euro-Dollars: The Money-Market
Gypsies. (New York: Harper & Row, 1975.) [135] Loebl, Eugen. Humanomics: How We Can Make the
Economy Serve Us—Not Destroy Us. (New York:
Random House, 1976.) [136] Mandel, Ernest. Decline of the Dollar: A Marxist View
of the Monetary Crisis. (New York: Monad Press,
1972.) [137] Marris, Robin. The Economic Theory of “Managerial”
Capitalism. (London: Macmillan, 1967.) [138] Marx, Karl. Capital: A Critical Analysis of Capitalist
Production, trans. Samuel Moore and Edward Aveling,

• Frederick Engels, (New York: International Publishers, 1939.) [139] Mintz, Morton, and Jerry S. Cohen. America, Inc.:, Who

Owns and Operates the United States. (New York: Dell, 1972.)[140] Pasinetti, Luigi L. Lectures on the Theory of Production. (London:Macmillan, 1977.) [141] Ritter, Lawrence S., and William L. Silber. Money, 2nd
edition. (New York: Basic Books, 1973.) [142] Robertson, James. Profit or People?: The New Social
Role of Money. (London: Calder & Boyars, 1974.) [143] Ropke, Wilhelm. Economics of the Free Society, trans.
Patrick M. Boarman. (Chicago: Henry Regnery,
1963.) [144] Rothbard, Murray N., and I. W. Sylvester. What is Money? (New York: Arno Press & The New YorkTimes, 1972.) [145] Scott, D. R. The Cultural Significance of Accounts. (Columbia, Mo.: Lucas Brothers Publishers, un-4dated.)
[146] Senin, M. Socialist Integration. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1973.) [147] Sherman, Howard. Radical Political Economy: Capital’
ism and Socialism from a Marxist-Humanist Perspective. (New York: Basic Books, 1972.) [148] Smith, Adam. Essays on Philosophical Subjects, with An
Account of the Life and Writings of the Author by Dugald Stewart. (Dublin: Messrs. Wogan, Byrne, J. Moore, Colbert, Rice, W. Jones, Porter, andFolingsby, 1795.) [149] „—– –. The Wealth of Nations, ed. EdwinCannan.
(New York: Random House, Modem Library, 1937.) 496 THE THIRD WAVE

• Toffler, The Eco-Spasm Report. (New York: Bantam Books, 1975.)

 

• Ward, What’s Wrong with Economics? (London: Macmillan, 1972.)

ENERGY/ECOLOGY

• Brown, Lester In the Human Interest: A Strategy to Stabilize World Population. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.)

 

• Carr, Donald Energy & the Earth Machine. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1976.)

 

• Choosing Our Environment: Can We Anticipate the Future? Hearings before the Panel on Environmental Science and Technology of the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Committee on

Public Works, U.S. Senate. Parts 2 and 3. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976.)

• Clark, Energy for Survival: The Alternative to Extinction. (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Anchor Books, 1974.)

 

• Commoner, The Closing Circle: Nature, Man, and Technology. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971.)

 

• ——- -. The Poverty of Power: Energy and the Economic

(New York: Bantam Books, 1977.)

• Dansereau, Inscape and Landscape. Massey Lectures, Twelfth Series, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. (Toronto: CBC Learning Systems, 1973.)

 

• Dubos, Man Adapting. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.)

 

• Energy: Global Prospects 1985-2000. Report of the Workshop on Alternative Energy Strategies, sponsored by MIT (New York: McGraw- Hill, )

 

• Hayes, The Solar Energy Timetable. (Washington, D.C.: WorldWatch Institute, 1978.)

 

• Helfrich, Harold , Jr., ed. The Environmental Crisis: Man’s Struggle to Live With Himself. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1970.)

 

• Jungk, The New Tyranny: How Nuclear Power Enslaves Us, trans. Christopher Trump. (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, Fred Jordan Books, 1979.)

 

• Lyons, Barrow. Tomorrow’s Birthright: A Political and Economic Interpretation of Our Natural (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1955.)

 

• Meadows, Donella H., et al. The Limits to Growth: A Report for the Club of Rome’s Project on the Predicament of (New York: Universe Books, 1972.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 497

• Munson, Richard, ed. Countdown to a Nuclear

(Washington, D.C.: Environmental Action Foundation, 1976.)

• Odum, Howard Environment, Power, and Society. (New York: John Wiley, Wiley-Interscience, 1971.)

 

• Sampson, Anthony. The Seven Sisters: The Great Oil Companies and the World They (New York: Bantam Books, 1976.)

 

• Schumacher, F. Small Is Beautiful: Economics as if People Mattered. (New York: Harper & Row, Perennial Library, 1973.)

 

• Tokyo Fights Pollution: An Urgent Appeal for Liaison and Protocol Section, Bureau of General Affairs, Tokyo Metropolitan Government. (Tokyo^ 1971.)

 

• Ubbelohde, R. Man and Energy. (New York: George Braziller, 1955.)

 

• Universite de Montreal/McGill University, Conserver Society The Selective Conserver Society, Vol. 1, The Integrating Report. (Montreal: GAMMA, 1976.)

EVOLUTION & PROGRESS

• Bury, J. B. The Idea of Progress. (New York: Macmil-lan, )

 

• Calder, The Life Game: Evolution and the New Biology. (New York: Dell, Laurel, 1975.)

 

• Crozier, The Stalled Society. (New York: Viking Press, 1973.)

 

• De Closets, Francois, En Danger de (Paris: Editions Denoel, 1970.)

 

• Evolution and the Fossil Record: Readings from Scientific American. (San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, )

 

• James, The Death of Progress. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1973.)

 

• Jantsch, Erich. Design for Evolution: Self-Organization and Planning in the Life of Human (New York: George Braziller, 1975.)

 

• , and Conrad H. Waddington, eds. Evolution and

Consciousness: Human Systems in Transition. (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1976.)

• – Kuznetsov, G. Philosophy of Optimism, trans. Ye. D. Khakina and V. L. Sulima. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1977.)

 

• Sorel, Georges. The Illusions of Progress, trans. John and Charlotte (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969.)

498 THE THIRD WAVE

• Vacca, Roberto. The Coming Dark Age, trans. J.

Whale. (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1973.) [184] Van Doren, Charles. The Idea of Progress. (New York:
Frederick A. Praeger, 1967.) [185] Williams, George C. Adaptation and Natural Selection:
A Critique of Some Current Evolutionary Thought. (Princeton, NX: Princeton University Press, 1966.)
FAMILY/SEX
[186] Beard, Mary R. Woman as Force in History: A Study in Traditions and Realities. (New York: Macmillan,1946.) [187] Bernard, Jessie. The Future of Marriage. (New York: Bantam Books, 1973.)[188]—— -. The Future of Motherhood, (New York: Penguin Books,1974.) [189] Francoeur, Robert T., and Anna K. Francoeur, eds. The Future of Sexual Relations. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.:Prentice-Hall, Spectrum, 1974.)
[190] Friedan, Betty. The Feminine Mystique, 10th anniversary edition. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1974.) [191] Ginsberg, Eli, ed. The Nation’s Children. (New York:
Columbia University Press, 1960.) [192] Peck, Ellen, and Judith Senderowitz, eds. Pronatalism:
The Myth of Mom & Apple Pie. (New York: Thomas

• Crowell, 1974.) [193] Rapoport, Rhona, and Robert N. Rappport. Dual-Career

Families. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin
Books, 1971.) [194] Ross, Heather L., and Isabel V. Sawhill. Time of Trans!”
tion: The Growth of Families Headed by Women.
(Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute, 1975.) [195] Tripp, Maggie, ed. Woman in the Year 2000. (New
York: Arbor House, 1974.) [196] Zaretsky, Eli. Capitalism, the Family and Personal Life.
(London: Pluto Press, 1976.)
FUTURE STUDiES/Forecasts
[197] Albrecht, Paul, et al, eds. Faith, Science and the Fu-
ture. Preparatory readings for a world conference.
(Geneva: World Council of Churches, 1978.) [198] Bell, Daniel. The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A
Venture in Social Forecasting. (New York: Basic
Books, 1973.) [199] Bonn, Anne-Marie. La Reverie Terrienne et I’Espace de
laModernite. (Paris: Librairie Klincksieck, 1976.) [200] Brzezinski, Zbigniew. Between Two Ages: America’s
BIBLIOGRAPHY 499Role in the Technetronic Era. (New York: Viking Press, 1970.)

• Clarkson, Stephen, Visions 2020. (Edmonton, Alberta: M. G. Hurtig, 1970.)

 

• Cornish, Edward, 1999 The World of Tomorrow: Selections from The Futurist. (Washington, D.C.: World Future Society, 1978.)

 

• Daglish, Robert, The Scientific and Technological Revolution: Social Effects and Prospects. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1972.)

 

• Economic Commission for Europe. Overall Economic Perspective for the ECE Region up to (New York: United Nations, 1978.)

 

• Fedchenko, , ed. Things to Come. (Moscow: Mir Publishers, 1977.)

 

• Ford, Future Food: Alternate Protein for the Year 2000. (New York: William Morrow, 1978.)

 

• Gross, Bertram M. Space-Time and Post-Industrial Society. Paper presented to 1965 seminars of Comparative Administration Group of the American Society for Public Syracuse University, 1966.

 

• Harman, Willis An Incomplete Guide to the Future. (San Francisco: San Francisco Book Company, 1976.)

 

• Laszlo, Ervin, et Goals for Mankind: A Report to the Club of Rome on the New Horizons of Global Community. (New York: E. P. Button, 1977.)

 

• Malita, Chronik fur das jahr 2000. (Bucharest: Kriterion, 1973.)

 

• Man, Science, Technology: A Marxist Analysis of the Scientific Technological (Prague: Acade-mia Prague, 1973.)

 

• Maruyama, Magoroh, and Arthur Harkins, Cultures Beyond the Earth. (New York: Random House, Vintage Books, 1975.)

 

• —~—. Cultures of the (The Hague: Mouton . Publishers, 1978.)

 

• Mesarovic, Mihajlo, and Eduard Mankind at the Turning Point: The Second Report to The Club of Rome. (New York: E. P. Button, Reader’s Digest Press, 1974.)

 

• 1985: La France Face au Choc du Plan et pros-pectives. Commissariat General du Plan. (Paris: Li-brarie Armand Colin, 1972.)

 

• Royal Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Cooperation with the Secretariat for Future Studies. To Choose a Future: A Basis for Discussion and Deliberations on Future Studies in Sweden, Rudy Feichtner. (Stockholm: Swedish Institute, 1974.)

500 THE THIRD WAVE

• Sorrentino, Joseph The Moral Revolution. (New York: Manor Books, 1974.)

 

• Spekke, Andrew , ed. The Next 25 Years: Crisis & Opportunity. (Washington, D.C.: World Future Society, 1975.)

 

• Stillman, Edmund, et L’Envol de la France: Portrait de la France dans les annees 80. (Paris: Hachette Litterature, 1973.)

 

• Tanaka, Building a New Japan: A Plan for Remodeling the Japanese Archipelago. (Tokyo: Simul Press, 1973.)

 

• Theobald, Habit and Habitat. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1972.)

 

• Thinking Ahead: UNESCO and the Challenges of Today and (Paris: UNESCO, 1977.)

FUTURE STUDiES/General

• Ackoff, Russell Redesigning the Future: A Systems Approach to Societal Problems. (New York: John Wiley, 1974.)

 

• Arab-Ogly, In the Forecasters’ Maze, trans. Kather-ine Judelson. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1975.)

 

• Bell, Wendell, and James Mau, eds. The Sociology of the Future. (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1971.)

 

• Boucher, Wayne I., ed. The Study of the Future: An Agenda for (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977.)

 

• Choosing Our Environment: Can We Anticipate the Future? See [154].

 

• Cornish, Edward, Resources Directory for America’s Third Century, Part 1, An Introduction to the Study of the Future. (Washington, D.C.: World Future Society, 1977.)

 

• –. Resources Directory for America’s Third Century, Part 2,

Information Sources for the Study of the Future. (Washington, B.C.: World Future Society, 1977.)

• , et al. The Study of the Future: An Introduction

to the Art and Science of Understanding and Shaping Tomorrow’s World. (Washington, D.C.: World Future Society, 1977.)

• Dickson, The Future File: A Guide for People -with One Foot in the 21st Century. (New York: Raw-son Associates, 1977.)

 

• Emery, E., and E. L. Trist. Towards a Social Ecol-1 ogy: Contextual Appreciation of the Future in the 1 Present. (London: Plenum Press, 1973.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 501

• Feinberg, The Prometheus Project: Mankind’s Search for Long-Range Goals. (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Anchor Books, 1969.)

 

• Heilbroner, Robert The Future as History. (New York: Grove Press, 1961.)

 

• Jouvenel, Bertrand The Art of Conjecture, trans. Ni-kita Lary. (New York: Basic Books, 1967.)

 

• Jungk, The Everyman Project: Resources for a Humane Future, trans. Gabriele Annan and Renate Esslen. (New York: Liveright, 1977.)

 

• McHale, The Future of the Future. (New York: George Braziller, 1969.)

 

• ——- , and Magda Cordell McHale. Futures Studies:

An International Survey. (New York: United Nations Institute for Training and Research, 1975.)

• Polak, Fred The Image of the Future, trans. Elise Boulding. (Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific, 1973.)

 

• -. (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1971.)

 

• Sullivan, John Prophets of the West: An Introduction to the Philosophy of History. (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970.)

HISTORY

• Bloch, Marc. Feudal Society, Vol. 1, The Growth of Ties of Dependence, L. A. Manyon. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Phoenix Books, 1964.)

 

• -—. Feudal Society, Vol. 2, Social Classes and Political

Organization, trans. L. A. Manyon. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Phoenix Books, 1964.)

• Braudel, Fernand. Capitalism and Material Life: 1400-1800, trans. Miriam (New York: Harper & Row, Harper Colophon Books, 1975.)

 

• -—. The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean

World in the Age of Philip II, Vols. I and II, trans. Sian Reynolds. (New York: Harper & Row, 1973.)

• Collis, Cortes and Montezuma. (London: Fa-ber and Faber, 1963.)

 

• Commager, Henry Steele, Documents of American History, 3rd edition. (New York: F. S. Crofts, 1943.)

 

• Darlington, D. The Evolution of Man and Society. (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1969.)

 

• Deane, The First Industrial Revolution. (London: Cambridge University Press, 1965.)

 

• ‘ Elias, Norbert. The Civilizing Process: The Development of Manners, Edmund Jephcott. (New York: Urizen Books, 1978.)

 

• Glass, V., and D. E. C. Eversley, eds. Population in History. (London: Edward Arnold, 1965.)

I

502 THE THIRD WAVE

• Hale, R. Renaissance Europe 1480-1520. (London: * Fontana, 1971.)

 

• Hill, Reformation to Industrial Revolution: 1530- 1780. (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1969.)

 

• Hofstadter, Richard, William Miller, and Daniel The United States: The History of a Republic, 2nd edition. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.)

 

• Huggett, Frank The Past, Present and Future of Factory Life and Work: A Documentary Inquiry. (London: Harrap, 1973.)

 

• Kirchner, Western Civilization Since 1500. (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1969.)

 

• Uttlefield, Henry History of Europe 1500-1848, 5th edition. (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1939.)

 

• Mannix, Daniel Those About to Die. (New York: Ballantine Books, 1958.)

 

• Matthews, George , ed. The Fugger Newsletter. (New York: Capricorn Books, 1970.)

 

• Moraze, The Triumph of the Middle Classes: A Study of European Values in the Nineteenth Century. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1966.)

 

• Plumb, H. The Growth of Political Stability in En-gland 1675- 1725. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1967.)

 

• Sansom, B. The Western World and Japan: A Study in the Interaction of European and Asiatic Cultures. (New York: Random House, Vintage Books, 1973.)

 

• Segal, The Struggle Against History. (New York: Bantam Books, 1973.)

 

• Stewart, Donald The Opposition Press of the Feder* alist Period. (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1969.)

 

• Tawney, H. Religion and the Rise of Capitalism: A Historical Study. (New York: New American Library, Mentor, 1954.)

 

• Thompson, P. The Making of the English Working Class. (New York: Vintage Books, 1963.)

 

• Turner, Frederick The Significance of the Frontier in American History. (New York: Readex Microprint, 1966.)

 

• Walker, James The Epic of American Industry. (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1949.)

 

• Weber, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, trans, Talcott Parsons. (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1958.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 503NATIONS/SEPARATISM/TRANSNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

• Barnet, Richard , and Ronald E. Miiller. Global Reach: The Power of the Multinational Corporations. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974.)

 

• Bendix, Nation-Building and Citizenship: Studies of Our Changing Social Order. (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Anchor Books, 1969.)

 

• Brown, Lester World Without Borders. (New York: Random House, 1972.)

 

• Brown, New Forces in World Politics. (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1974.)

 

• –., et al. Regimes for the Ocean, Outer Space, and

Weather. (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1977.)

• Callenbach, Ecotopia: The Notebooks and Reports of William Weston. (New York: Bantam Books, 1977.)

 

• Cobban, The Nation State and National Self- Determination. (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1969.)

 

• Deutsch, Karl Nationalism and Social Communication: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Nationality. (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1966.)

 

• Falk, Richard A Study of Future Worlds. New York: Free Press, 1975.)

 

• Fawcett, J. E. S. The Law of Nations. (New York: Basic Books, 1968.)

 

• Information, Perception and Regional Report prepared for National Science Foundation, Research Applications Directorate, RANN. (Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation, 1975.)

 

• Kaldor, The Disintegrating West. (New York: Hill and Wang, 1978.)

 

• Kohn, The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in Its Origins and Background. (Toronto: Collier, 1944.)

 

• Lenin, I. The Right of Nations to Self-Determination. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1947.)

 

• LeVesque, An Option for Quebec. (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1968.)

 

• Minogue, K. R. Nationalism. (Baltimore: Penguin Books, )

 

• Servan-Schreiber, Jean-Jacques. Le Pouvoir (Paris: Editions Bernard Grasset, 1971.)

 

• Shaw, The Gospel According to Saint Pierre. (Richmond Hill, Ont: Pocket Books Canada, 1969.)

 

• Smith, Anthony Theories of Nationalism. (New York: Harper & Row, Harper Torchbooks, 1971.)

 

• Stephenson, The Coming Clash: The Impact of 504 THE THIRD WAVE

Multinational Corporations on National States. (New York: Saturday Review Press, 1972.)

• Thomas, The Welsh Extremist. (Talybont, Cardiganshire: Y Lolfa, 1973.)

 

• Trudeau, Pierre Federalism and the French Canadians. (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1968.)

 

• Turner, Multinational Companies and the Third World. (New York: Hill and Wang, 1973.)

 

• The United Nations and the Proceedings of UNTTAR Conference on the Future, Moscow, June 10-14,1974. (Moscow, UNITAR, 1976.)

 

• The United States and the United Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. (Washington, D.C.:

U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975.)

• Unterman, Lee , and Christine W. Swent, eds. The Future of the United States Multinational Corpora-tion. (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1975.)

 

• Webb, The Growth of Nationalism in Scotland. (Glasgow: Molendinar Press, 1977.)

 

• Wilczynski, J. The Multinationals and East-West Relations: Towards Transideological Collaboration. (London: Macmillan, )

 

• Year-Book of World Problems and Human Potential, compiled by the Secretariats of Union of International Associations. (Brussels, 1976.)

PHILOSOPHY

• Borodulina, , ed. K. Marx, F. Engels, V. Lenin: On Historical Materialism. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1974.)

 

• Capra, The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism. (New York: Bantam Books, 1977.)

 

• DeGreene, Kenyon , ed. Systems Psychology. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.)

 

• De La Mettrie, Julien Man a Machine, annot Gertrude Carman Bussey. (La Salle, 111.: Open Court, 1912.)

 

• Descartes, Discourse on Method, trans. John Veitch. (La Salle, HL: Open Court, 1962.)

 

• Feinberg, What is the World Made Of?: Atoms, Leptons, Quarks, and Other Tantalizing Particles^ (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Anchor Books, 1978.)

 

• Gellner, Thought and Change. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965.)

r BIBLIOGRAPHY 505

• Hyman, Stanley Edgar. The Tangled Bank: Darwin, Marx, Frazer

and Freud as Imaginative Writers. (New York: Atheneum, 1974.)

• Lewio, Field Theory in Social Science: Selected Theoretical Papers, ed. Dorwin Cartwright. (New York: Harper & Row, Harper Torchbooks, 1951.)

[3081 Lilienfeld, Robert. The Rise of Systems Theory: An Ideological Analysis. (New York: John Wiley-Inter-science, 1978.)

• Matson, Floyd The Broken Image: Man, Science and Society. (New York: Doubleday, Anchor Books, 1966.)

 

• Munitz, Milton , ed. Theories of the Universe: From Babylonian Myth to Modern Science. (Glencoe, 111.: Free Press, Falcon’s Wing Press, 1957.)

 

• Ramo, Simon. Cure for Chaos: Fresh Solutions to Social Problems Through the Systems (New York: David McKay, 1969.)

 

• Russell, A History of Western Philosophy. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1945.)

 

• _—. Human Knowledge: Its Scope and (New York: Simon and Schuster, Touchstone, 1948.)

 

• Webb, The Flight from Reason. (London: Mac-donald, 1971.)

 

• Weizenbaum, Joseph. Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to (San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1976.)

POLITICAL THEORY/General

• Jacker, The Black Flag of Anarchy: Antistat* ism in the United States. (New York: Charles

Scribner’s Sons, 1968.) [317] Johnson, Chalmers. RevolutionaryChange. (Boston:
Little, Brown, 1966.) [318] Jouvenel, Bertrand de. On Power: Its Nature and the.
History of Its Growth, trans. J. E. Huntington. (Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.) [319] Krader, Lawrence. Formation of the State. (Englewood
Cliffs, NX: Prentice-Hall, 1968.) [320] .Lenin, V. I. The State and Revolution. (Moscow:
Progress Publishers, 1949.) [321] Oppenheimer, iFranz. The State, trans. John Gitterman.
(New York: Free Life Editions, 1975.) [322] Ortega y Gasset, Jose. Man and Crisis, trans. Mildred
Adams, (New York: W. W. Norton, 1958.) [323] Rousseau, Jean- Jacques. The Social Contract, trans.
Maurice Cranston. (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1968.)506 THE THIRD WAVE
[324] Silvert, Kalman H. The Reason for Democracy. (New
York: Viking Press, 1977.) [325] Swartz, Marc J., Victor W. Turner, and Arthur Tuden,
eds. Political Anthropology. (Chicago: Aldine-Ather- ton, 1966.)POLITICAL THEORY/EHteS

• Barber, Social Stratification: A Comparative Analysis of Structure and Process. (New York: Har-court, Brace & World, 1957.)

 

• Benveniste, The Politics of Expertise. (Berkeley, CaL: Glendessary Press, 1972.)

 

• Bottomore, T. B. Elites and Society. (New York: Basic Books, 1964.)

 

• Brewer, Garry Politicians, Bureaucrats, and the Consultant: A Critique of Urban Problem Solving. (New York: Basic Books, 1973.)

 

• Burnham, The Managerial Revolution. (Bloom-ington: Indiana University Press, 1960.)

 

• Dimock, Marshall The Japanese Technocracy: Management and Government in Japan. (New York: WalkerAVeatherhiU, 1968.)

 

• Djilas, The New Class: An Analysis of the Communist System. (New York: Frederick A. Prae-ger, 1957.)

 

• .—– -. The Unperfect Society: Beyond the New Class,

trans. Dorian Cooke. (London: Unwin Books, 1972.)

• Dye, Thomas , and L. Harmon Zeigler. The Irony of Democracy: An Uncommon Introduction to American Politics, 2nd edition. (Belmont, CaL: Duxbury Press, 1972.)

 

• Girvetz, Harry Democracy and Elitism: Two Essays with Selected Readings. (New York: Charles Scrib-ner’s Sons, 1967.)

 

• Gouldner, Alvin The Future of Intellectuals and the Rise of the New Class. (New York: Seabury Press, Continuum, 1979.)

 

• Gvishiani, D. M., S. R. Mikulinsky, and S. A. Kugel, eds. The Scientific Intelligentsia in the USSR: Structure and Dynamics of Personnel, Jane Sayers. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1976.)

 

• Keller, Beyond the Ruling Class: Strategic Elites in Modern Society. (New York: Random House* 1963.)

 

• Lederer, State of the Masses: The Threat of the Classless Society. (New York: Howard Fertig, 1967.)

 

• Meynaud, Technocracy, trans. Paul Barnes. (London: Faber and Faber, 1968.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 507

• Ortega y Gasset, Jose. The Revolt of the Masses. (New

York: W. W. Norton, 1957.) [3421 Phillips, Kevin P. Mediacracy: American Parties and
Politics in the Communications Age. (Garden City,
N.Y.: Doubleday, 1975.) [343] Young, Michael. The Rise of the Meritocracy
1870-2033: An Essay on Education and Equality. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1961.)POLITICAL THEORY/Representation/Participation
[344] Afanasyev, V. G. The Scientific Management of Society, trans. L. Ilyitskaya. (Moscow: Progress Publishers,1971.) [345] Araneta, Salvador. The Effective Democracy For AIL (Manila: AIA, Bayanikasan Research Foundation,1976.) [346] Bezold, Clement, ed. Anticipatory Democracy: People in
the Politics of the Future. (New York: Random
House/Vintage Books, 1978.) [347] Bihari, Ott6. Socialist Representative Institutions, trans.
J6zef Dese*nyi and Imre M6ra. (Budapest: Akad&niai
Kiado, 1970.) [348] Birch, A. H. Representation. (London: Macmillan, 1972.) [349] Crick, Bernard. The Reform of Parliament. (London:Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970.) [350] Finletter, Thomas K. Can Representative Government
Do the Job? (New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1945.) [351] Haefele, Edwin T. Representative Government and Environmental Management. (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 1973.) [352] International Labour Office. Participation by Employers9
and Workers9 Organisations in Economic and Social Planning: A General Introduction. (Geneva: ILO,1971.) [353] lonescu, Ghita, and Ernest Gellner, eds. Populism: Its Meanings and National Characteristics. (London:Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1970.) [354] Jones, Charles O. Every Second Year: Congressional
Behavior and the Two-Year Term. (Washington, D.C.:
Brookings Institution, 1967.) [355] Kozak, Jan. Without a Shot Being Fired: The Role of
Parliament and the Unions in a Communist Revolution. (London: Independent Information Centre, 1957.) [356] Langton, Stuart, ed. Citizen Participation in America:
Essays on the State of the Art. (Lexington, Mass.: D.

• Heath, Lexington Books, 1978.) [357] Loewenberg, Gerhard, ed.

Modern Parliaments: Change
or Decline? (Chicago: Aldine-Atherton, 1971.) 508 THE THIRD WAVE

• Mill, John Utilitarianism, Liberty and Representative Government. (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1951.)

 

• Partridge, H. Consent & Consensus. (New York: Praeger, 1971.)

 

• Pateman, Participation and Democratic Theory. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970.)

 

• Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel, Representation. (New York: Atherton Press, 1969.)

 

• Schramm, K., ed. The Bundestag: Legislation in the Federal Republic of Germany. (Bonn: E. Beinhauer, 1973.)

 

• Spufford, Origins of the English Parliament. (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.)

pOLmcs/Comparative

• Berkowitz, D., and Robert K. Logan, eds. Canada’s Third Option. (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1978.)

 

• Blondel, Comparing Political Systems. (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1973.)

 

• Cohen, Ronald, and John Middleton, Comparative Political Systems: Studies in the Politics of Pre-indus-trial Societies. (Garden City, N.Y.: Natural History Press, 1967.)

 

• Finer, E. Comparative Government. (Harmonds-worth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1970.)

 

• Gorden, Comparative Political Systems: Managing Conflict. (New York: Macmillan, 1972.)

 

• Hamilton, Alastair. The Appeal of Fascism: A Study of Intellectuals and Fascism 1919-1945. (London: Anthony Blond, )

 

• Kennedy, Gavin, The Radical Approach: Papers on an Independent Scotland. (Edinburgh: Palingenesis Press, 1976.)

 

• McClelland, J. S., ed. The French Right: From De Maistre to Maurras, Frears, Harber, McClelland, and Phillipson. (London: Jonathan Cape, 1970.)

 

• Macridis, Roy C., and Robert E. Ward, eds. Modern Political Systems: Europe, 2nd (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1968.)

 

• Mosse, George L. The Crisis of German Ideology: Intellectual Origins of the Third (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1966.)

 

• Parti Socialiste Controler Aujourd’hui pour Decider Demain, manifesto. (Paris: Tema-£ditions, 1972.)

 

• Russett, Bruce Trends in World Politics. (New York: Macmillan, 1965.)

 

• Scalapino, Robert , and Junnosuke Masumi. Parties BIBLIOGRAPHY

509
and Politics in Contemporary Japan. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.)

• Smith, Politics in Western Europe: A Comparative Analysis. (London: Heinemann Educational Books, 1972.)

 

• Starcke, Survival: Taped Interviews With South Africa’s Power mite. (Cape Town: Tafelberg, 1978.)

POLrncs/U.S.

• Armbrister, A Matter of Accountability: The True Story of the Pueblo Affair. (New York: Cow-ard-McCann, 1970.)

 

• Becker, Ted, et aL Un-Vote for a New America: A Guide to Constitutional Revolution. (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, )

 

• Becker, Theodore American Government: Past, Present, Future. (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1976.)

 

• Boorstin, Daniel The Decline of Radicalism: Reflections on America Today. (New York: Random House, 1969.) /

 

• Brant, The Bill of Rights: Its Origin and Meaning. (New York: New American Library, Mentor, 1965.)

 

• Cullop, Floyd The Constitution of the United States: An Introduction. (New York: New American Library, Signet, 1969.)

 

• Everett, Edward. The Mount Vernon Papers, No. 27. (New York:
• Appleton, 1860.)

 

• Fisher, President and Congress: Power and Pol” icy. (New York: Free Press, 1972.)

 

• Flexner, James George Washington and the New Nation (1783-1793). (Boston: Little, Brown, 1970.)

 

• Gilpin, Henry , ed. The Papers of James Madison, Vol. II. (Washington, DXX: Langtree & O’Sullivan, 1840.)

 

• Hamilton, Alexander, John Jay, and James Madison. The Federalist: A Commentary on the Constitution of the United (New York: Random House, Modern Library.)

 

• Hougan, Spooks: The Haunting of America—The Private Use of Secret Agents. (New York: William Morrow, 1978.)

 

• Nixon, The Memoirs of Richard Nixon. (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1978.)

 

• Padover, Saul , ed. Thomas Jefferson on Democracy. (New York: New American Library, Mentor; Copyright 1939 D. Appleton- Century.)

510 THE THIRD WAVE

• Paine, Rights of Man: Being an Answer to Mr. Burke’s Attack on the French Revolution, ed.

Hypatia Bradlaugh Bonner. (London: C. A. Watts,
1937.) [394] Parrington, Vernon Louis. Main Currents in American Thought: An Interpretation of American Literaturefrom the Beginnings to 1920. (New York: Harcourt,
Brace, 1927.) [395] Perloff, Harvey S., ed. The Future of the United States
Government: Toward the Year 2000. (New York:
George Braziller, 1971.) [396] Saloma, John S., Ill, and Frederick H. Sontag. Parties:
The Real Opportunity for Effective Citizen Politics.
(New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1972.) [397] Scammon, Richard M., and Alice V. McGillivray, eds.
America Votes 12: A Handbook of Contemporary Election Statistics. (Washington, D.C.: ElectionsResearch Center, Congressional Quarterly, 1977.) [398] Schlesinger,Arthur M., Jr. The Imperial Presidency.
(New York: Popular Library, 1974.) [399] Smith, Edward Conrad, ed. The Constitution of the
United States: With Case Summaries. (New York:
Barnes & Noble, 1972.) [400] Steinfels, Peter. The Neoconservatives: The Men Who
Are Changing America’s Politics. (New York: Simon
and Schuster, 1979.) [401] Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America, te*
Henry Reeve, rev. Francis Bowen, and ed. Phillip Bradley. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, ViaBooks, 1945.) PSYCHOLOGY

• Allport, Gordon Personality: A Psychological Interpretation. (New York: Henry Holt, 1937.)

 

• Back, Kurt Beyond Words: The Story of Sensitivity Training and the Encounter Movement. (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1972.)

 

• Conway, Flo, and Jim Snapping: America’s Epidemic of Sudden Personality Change. (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1978.)

 

• Freedman, Alfred M., M.D., Harold I. Kaplan, M.D., and Benjamin
• Sadock, M.D. Modern Synopsis of Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. (Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1972.)

 

• Fromm, Escape from Freedom. (New York: [407]

Avon Library, 1965.)

. The Sane Society. (Greenwich, Conn.: Fawcett Premier, 1955.) BIBLIOGRAPHY511

• Gerth, Hans, and Wright Mills. Character and Social Structure: The Psychology of Social Institutions. (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Harbinger, 1953.)

 

• Gross, Martin The Psychological Society. (New York: Random House, 1978.)

 

• Gross, Ronald, and Paul Osterman, Individualism: Man in Modern Society. (New York: Dell, Laurel, 1971.)

 

• Hall, Calvin , and Gardner Lindzey. Theories of Per-sonality, 3rd edition. (New York: John Wiley, 1978.)

 

• Kardiner, Abram, et The Psychological Frontiers of Society. (New York: Columbia University Press, 1945.)

 

• Kilpatrick, Identity & Intimacy. (New York: Delacorte Press, 1975.)

 

• May, Power and Innocence: A Search for the Sources of Violence. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1972.)

 

• Reich, Wilhelm. The Mass Psychology of Fascism, trans. Vincent
• Carfagno. (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1971.)

 

• Ruitenbeek, Hendrik , ed., Varieties of Personality Theory. (New York: E. P. Button, 1964.)

 

• Smirnov, Soviet Man: The Making of a Socialist Type of Personality, trans. Robert Daglish. (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1973.)

 

• Stevens, John , ed. Gestalt Is—A Collection of Articles About Gestalt Therapy and Living. (New York: Bantam Books, 1977.)

 

• Sullivan, Harry Stack, D. The Fusion of Psychiatry and Social Science. (New York: W. W. Norton, 1964.)

 

• Winter, The Smell Book. (Philadelphia: J, B. Lip-pincott, 1976.)

 

• Zurcher, Louis , Jr. The Mutable Self: A Self-Concept for Social Change. (Beverly Hills, Cal.: Sage Publications, 1977.)

SCIENCE/TECHNOLOGY

• Anderson, Robert H., and Nake M. Kamrany. Advanced Computer-Based Manufacturing Systems for Defense (Marina del Rey, Cal.: USC, Information – Sciences Institute, 1973.)

 

• The Application of Computer Technology for United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Second Report of the Secretary-General. (New York, 1973.)

 

• Appropriate Technology in the Commonwealth* A 512 THE THIRD WAVE

Directory of Institutions. Food Production & Rural Development Division, Commonwealth Secretariat. (London, 1977.)

• Appropriate Technology in the United States: An EJC-ploratory Study. Study conducted by Integrative Design Associates for the National Science Foundation RANN (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1977.)

 

• Asimov, Isaac. /, Robot. (New York: Fawcett Crest, )

 

• –. Understanding Physics, Vol. Ill, The Electron,

Proton, and Neutron. (New York: New American Library, Signet, 1966.)

• Baldwin, , and Stewart Brand, eds. Soft-Tech. (New York: Penguin Books, 1978.)

 

• Boorstin, Daniel The Republic of Technology: Reflections on Our Future Community. (New York: Harper & Row, 1978.)

 

• Brand, Stewart, Space Colonies. (New York: Penguin Books, 1977.)

 

• Buchholz, Hans, and Wolfgang Gmelin, eds. Science and Technology and the Future, Parts 1 and (Munich: K. G. Saur, 1979.)

 

• Butterfield, The Origins of Modern Science: 1300-1800. (New York: Free Press,, 1957.)

 

• Cardwell, S. L. Turning Points in Western Technology. (New York: Neale Watson Academic Publications, Science History Publications, 1972.)

 

• Cross, Nigel, David Elliot, and Robin Roy, Man-Made Futures: Readings in Society, Technology and Design. (London: Hutchinson, 1974.)

 

• Einstein, Ideas and Opinions, trans. Sonja Bargmann. (New York: Dell, Laurel. Copyright Crown, 1954.)

 

• Ellis, The Social History of the Machine Gun. (New York: Pantheon Books, 1975.)

 

• Etzioni, Amitai. Genetic Fix. (New York: Macmillan, )

 

• Farago, T. Handbook of Dimensional Measurement. (New York: Industrial Press, 1965.)

 

• Farrington, Head and Hand in Ancient Greece: Four Studies in the Social Relations of Thought. (London: Watts, Thinker’s Library, 1947.)

 

• Feyerabend, Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge. (London: NLB, Verso, 1975.)

 

• Fidell, Oscar , ed. Ideas in Science. (New York: Washington Square Press, Reader’s Enrichment, 1966.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY 513

• Ford, My Life and Work. (New York: Dou-bleday, Page, 1923.)

 

• B. Maynard and Company. Production: An International Appraisal of Contemporary Manufacturing Systems and the Changing Role of the Worker, ed. Rolf Tiefenthal. (London: McGraw-Hill, 1975.)

 

• Harper, Peter, and Godfrey Boyle, Radical Technology. (New York: Pantheon Books, 1976.)

 

• Heppenheimer, A. Colonies in Space. (Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, 1977.)

 

• Howard, Ted, and Jeremy Who Should Play God? The Artificial Creation of Life and What It Means for the Future of the Human Race. (New York: Dell, 1977.)

 

• Ulich, Tools for Conviviality. (New York: Harper & Row, 1973.)

 

• Jacobs, The Economy of Cities. (New York: Random House, 1969.)

 

• Klein, Arthur. The World of Measurements. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974.)

 

• Kranzberg, Melvin, and Carroll W. Pursell, Jr. Technology in Western Civilization, I. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1967.)

 

• Kuhn, Thomas The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962.)

 

• Lawless, Edward Technology and Social Shock. (New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1977.)

 

• Lilley, Men, Machines and History. (New York: International Publishers, 1966.)

 

• Mazlish, Bruce, The Railroad and the Space Program: An Exploration in Historical Analogy. (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1965.)

 

• Needham, Joseph. Science and Civilization in China, Vol. I, Introductory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965.)

 

• ——- –. Science and Civilization in China, Vol. II, History of

Scientific Thought. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1969.)

• Newman, James , ed. What Is Science? (New York: Washington Square Press, 1961.)

 

• Nicolis, , and I. Prigogine. Self-Organization in Non-equilibrium Systems: From Dissipative Structures to Order Through Fluctuations. (New York: John Wiley* ‘ Wiley-Interscience, 1977.)

 

• Nikolaev, Space Chemistry, trans. Y. Nadler. (Moscow: Mir Publishers, 1976.)

 

• O’Neill, Gerald The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space. (New York: Bantam Books, 1978.)

514 THE THIRD WAVE

• Pyke, Technological Eating, or Where Does the Fish- Finger Point? (London: John Murray, 1972.)

 

• Ritner, The Society of Space. (New York: Macmillan, 1961.)

 

• Schey, John Introduction to Manufacturing Processes. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1977.)

 

• Schofield, Robert The Lunar Society of Birmingham: A Social History of Provincial Science and Industry in Eighteenth-Century England. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1963.)

 

• Sharlin, Harold The Convergent Century: The Unification of Science in the Nineteenth Century. (New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1966.)

 

• Sorenson, James Social Science Frontiers, Vol. 3, Social Aspects of Applied Human Genetics. (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1971.)

 

• Stine, Harry. The Third Industrial Revolution. (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1975.)

 

• Sullivan, We Are Not Alone: The Search for Intelligent Life on Other Worlds. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.)

 

• S. Department of Labor. Technological Change and Manpower Trends in Five Industries: Pulp and Paper/Hydraulic Cement/Steel/Aircraft and Missile/Wholesale Trade. (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975.)

 

• Warshofsky, Doomsday: The Science of Catastrophe. (New York: Reader’s Digest Press, 1977.)

 

• Watson, James The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA. (New York: New American Library Signet Books, 1968.)

SOCIALISM/COMMUNISM

• Amalrik, Will the Soviet Union Survive until 1984? (New York: Harper & Row, Perennial Library,

1971.) [473] Brus, Wlodzimierz. The Economics and Politics of So cialism: Collected Essays, trans. Angus Walker(Chapter 3-6). (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul,
1973.) [474] Christman, Henry M., ed. Essential Works of Lenin.
(New York: Bantam Books, Matrix, 1966.) [475] Howe, Irving. The Basic Writings of Trotsky. (New
York: Random House, Vintage Books, 1965.) [476] Laidler, Harry W. History of Socialism. (New York:
Thomas Y. Crowell, 1968.) BIBLIOGRAPHY515

• Marx, Karl, and Friedrich The Communist Manifesto. (Harmondswbrth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1967.)

 

• Nicolaus, Restoration of Capitalism in the USSR. (Chicago: Liberator Press, 1975.)

 

• Nordhoff, The Communistic Societies of the United States. (New York: Schocken Books, 1965.)

 

• Possony, Stefan , ed. The Lenin Reader: The Outstanding Works of V. I. Lenin. (Chicago: Henry Regnery, Gateway, 1969.)

 

• Revel, Jean-Francois. The Totalitarian Temptation, David Hapgood. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1978.)

 

• s—— , Without Marx or Jesus, trans. J. F. Bernard.

(London: Paladin, 1972.)

• Smelser, Neil , ed. Karl Marx on Society and Social Change, with Selections by Friedrich Engels. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973.)

 

• Smith, The Russians. (New York: Quadrangle/New York Times, 1976.)

 

• Socialism Theory and Practice, Soviet Monthly Digest of the Theoretical and Political Press, January (Moscow: Novosti Press Agency.)

 

• Trotsky, Political Profiles, trans. R. Chappell. (London: New Park Publications, 1972.)

 

• –. The Revolution Betrayed, trans. Max Eastman,

5th edition. (New York: Pathfinder Press, 1972.)

• Wesson, Robert The Soviet State: An Aging Revolution. (New York: John Wiley, 1972.)

SOCIOLOGY/SOCIAL THEORY

• Bird, The Crowding Syndrome: Learning to Live with Too Much and Too Many. (New York:

David McKay, 1972.) [490] Bottomore, T. B. Sociology: A Guide to Problems and
Literature. (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1962.) [491] Chappie, Eliot Dismore, and Carleton Stevens Coon.
Principles of Anthropology. (New York: Henry Holt,
1942.) [492] Davis* Kingsley, Harry C. Bredemeier, and Marion J. Levy. Modern American Society. (New York: Rine-
hart, 1950.)
[493] Etzioni, Amitai. The Active Society: A Theory of Societal and Political Processes. (New York: Free Press,
1968.) [494] ——– , and Eva Etzioni, eds. Social Change: Sources,
Patterns, and Consequences. (New York: Basic Books, 1964.)516 THE THIRD WAVE
[495] Greet, Colin, ed. Divided Society: The Ethnic Experience in America. (New York: Basic Books, 1974.) [496] Harris, Marvin. The Rise of Anthropological Theory: A
History of Theories of Culture. (New York: Thomas

• Crowell, 1968.) [497] Isaacs, Harold R. Idols of the Tribe. (New York: Har

per & Row, 1975.) [498] Kardiner, Abram, and Edward Preble. They Studied
Man. (Cleveland: World Publishing, 1961.) [499] Moore, Wilbert E. The Professions: Roles and Rules
(New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1970.) [500] Packard, Vance. A Nation of Strangers. (New York:
David McKay, 1972.) [501] Raison, Timothy, ed. The Founding Fathers of Soda
Science. (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin
Books, 1969.) [502] Toffler, Alvin. Future Shock. (New York: Bantam Books, 1971.)TIME/SPACE

• Abler, Ronald, et Human Geography in a Shrinking World. (Belmont, Cal.: Duxbury Press, 1975.)

 

• Blainey, The Tyranny of Distance. (Melbourne: Sun Books, 1971.)

 

• Clay, Close-Up: How to Read the American City. (New York: Praeger, 1973.)

 

• Coleman, Lesley. A Book of Time. (London: Longman, )

 

• Dean, Robert , William H. Leahy, and David L. McKee, eds. Spatial Economic Theory. (New York: Free Press, 1970.)

 

• de Grazia, Of Time, Work and Leisure. (New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1962.)

 

• Fraser, T., ed. The Voices of Time. (New York: George Braziller, 1966.)

 

• , F. C. Haber, and G. H. Miiller, eds. The Study

of Time. (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1972.)

• Gould, Peter, and Rodney Mental Maps. (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1974.)

 

• Gribbin, Timewarps. (New York: Delacorte Press/Eleanor Friede, 1979.)

 

• Haggett, Peter, and Richard Chorley. Network Analysis in Geography. (New York: St. Martin’s Pres 1969.)

 

• Morrill, Richard The Spatial Organization of Socie (Belmont, Cal.: Duxbury Press, 1970.)

 

• Needham, Time and Eastern Man, the He Myers Lecture 1964, Royal Anthropological

BIBLIOGRAPHY 517Occasional Paper No. 21. (Glasgow: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain & Ireland, 1965.)

• Norberg-Schulz, Existence, Space & Architecture. (New York: Praeger, 1971.)

 

• Sandow, Stuart Durations: The Encyclopedia of How Long Things Take. (New York: Times Books, 1977.)

 

• Tooley, V., Charles Brisker, and Gerald Roe Crone. Landmarks of Mapmaking. (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1968.)

 

• Welch, Kenneth Time Measurement: An Introductory History. (Newton Abbot, Devonshire: David & Charles, 1972.)

 

• Whitrow, J. What is Time? (London: Thames and Hudson, 1972.)

WORK/EDUCATION

• Anderson, Dennis, and Mark Leiserson. Rural Enterprise and Non-farm Employment. (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.)

 

• Bartlett, Laile New Work/New Life. (New York: Harper & Row, 1976.)

 

• Best, Fred, The Future of Work. (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1973.)

 

• Bowman, Jim, et The Far Side of the Future: Social Problems and Educational Reconstruction. (Washington, D.C.: World Future Society, 1978.)

 

• Dickson, The Future of the Workplace: The Coming Revolution in Jobs. (New York: Weybright and Talley, 1975.)

 

• Evans, Archibald Flexibility in Working Life: Opportunities for Individual Choice. (Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1973.)

 

• Gates, Arthur , et al. Educational Psychology, a revision of Psychology for Students of Education. (New York: Macmillan, 1942.)

 

• Good, G. A History of Western Education. (New York: Macmillan, 1947.)

 

• Kanter, Rosabeth Social Science Frontiers, Vol. 9, Work and Family in the United States: A Critical Review and Agenda for Research and Policy. (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1977.)

 

• Poor, Riva, ed. 4 Days, 40 Hours: And Other Forms of the Rearranged (New York: New American Library, Mentor, 1973.)

 

• Roberts, Paul Alienation and the Soviet Economy: Toward a General Theory of Marxian Alienation, Organization Principles, and the Soviet

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